{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:31:07Z","timestamp":1760239867639,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"AVVENIR project, Adaptation of Agriculture and Forests to Climate Change (AAFCC) of the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) and Conseil Interprofessionnel du Vin de Bordeaux (CIVB)","award":["51640\/180008\/9\/10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51640\/180008\/9\/10"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thermal conditions, influenced by the local environment, impact the development of the vine and determine the composition of the grapes. Bioclimatic indices, based on cumulative air temperatures, are modelled and mapped using statistical methods integrating local factors. Air temperature data from sensors networks are limited in space and time. We evaluated the potential of land surface temperature (LST) to identify comparable spatial distribution, and not to replace air temperature, by using a support vector machine algorithm to compare bioclimatic indices calculated from air temperature or LST. This study focused on the 2012\u20132018 period in the Saint-Emilion winegrowing area of France. The use of several digital elevation models with high spatial resolution (i.e., GMTED10 (1000, 500 and 250 m) and SRTM (90 and 30 m)) enabled LST to be downscaled at each resolution. The same topographic variables (elevation, slope, orientation coordinates) were used as predictors, and identical algorithms and cross-validation parameters were implemented in both mapping methods. Bioclimatic indices were calculated from daily air temperature, daily LST or weekly LST. The results of the daily and weekly downscaling of the MODIS time series at several spatial resolutions are encouraging for application to viticulture and have allowed to identify an optimal resolution between 500 m and 250 m limiting bias.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13010004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T20:39:29Z","timestamp":1608669569000},"page":"4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Mapping Bioclimatic Indices by Downscaling MODIS Land Surface Temperature: Case Study of the Saint-Emilion Area"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2138-2736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwena\u00ebl","family":"Morin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LETG-Rennes, UMR 6554 CNRS\u2014Universit\u00e9 Rennes 2, Department of Geography, Place du Recteur Henri Le Moal, 35000 Rennes, France"}]},{"given":"Renan","family":"LE ROUX","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIRAD, For\u00eats et Soci\u00e9t\u00e9s, F-34398 Montpellier, France"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Gilles","family":"Lemasle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LETG-Rennes, UMR 6554 CNRS\u2014Universit\u00e9 Rennes 2, Department of Geography, Place du Recteur Henri Le Moal, 35000 Rennes, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5562-2232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Qu\u00e9nol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LETG-Rennes, UMR 6554 CNRS\u2014Universit\u00e9 Rennes 2, Department of Geography, Place du Recteur Henri Le Moal, 35000 Rennes, France"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/09571260600633135","article-title":"The concept of terroir in viticulture","volume":"17","author":"Seguin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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