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The informative properties of the data are systematically affected by a number of disturbing factors, such as the signal energy absorbed by the propagation medium or diverse noise categories contaminating the resulting imagery. Restoring the signal properties in order to exploit the carried information is typically a tough challenge. Visual saliency refers to the computational modeling of the preliminary perceptual stages of human vision, where the presence of conspicuous targets within a surveyed scene activates neurons of the visual cortex, specifically sensitive to meaningful visual variations. In relatively recent years, visual saliency has been exploited in the field of automated underwater exploration. This work provides a comprehensive overview of the computational methods implemented and applied in underwater computer vision tasks, based on the extraction of visual saliency-related features.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13010022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T12:19:51Z","timestamp":1608725991000},"page":"22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The Use of Saliency in Underwater Computer Vision: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4872-9541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Reggiannini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell\u2019Informazione \u201cAlessandro Faedo\u201d, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5175-5126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Moroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell\u2019Informazione \u201cAlessandro Faedo\u201d, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.89","article-title":"State-of-the-Art in Visual Attention Modeling","volume":"35","author":"Borji","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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