{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T16:50:46Z","timestamp":1772297446847,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda&amp;#x00E7;&amp;#x00E3;o de Amparo &amp;#x00E0; Pesquisa do Estado de S&amp;#x00E3;o Paulo","award":["#2015\/50488-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2015\/50488-5"]}]},{"name":"Funda&amp;#x00E7;&amp;#x00E3;o de Amparo &amp;#x00E0; Pesquisa do Estado de S&amp;#x00E3;o Paulo","award":["#2017\/17380-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2017\/17380-1"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010897","name":"Newton Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NE\/N012488\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NE\/N012488\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We investigated the water use of Caatinga vegetation, the largest seasonally dry forest in South America. We identified and analysed the environmental phenological drivers in woody species and their relationship with transpiration. To monitor the phenological evolution, we used remote sensing indices at different spatial and temporal scales: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), and green chromatic coordinate (GCC). To represent the phenology, we used the GCC extracted from in-situ automated digital camera images; indices calculated based on sensors included NDVI, SAVI and GCC from Sentinel-2A and B satellites images, and NDVI products MYD13Q1 and MOD13Q1 from a moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS). Environmental drivers included continuously monitored rainfall, air temperature, soil moisture, net radiation, and vapour pressure deficit. To monitor soil water status and vegetation water use, we installed soil moisture sensors along three soil profiles and sap flow sensors for five plant species. Our study demonstrated that the near-surface GCC data played an important role in permitting individual monitoring of species, whereas the species\u2019 sap flow data correlated better with NDVI, SAVI, and GCC than with species\u2019 near-surface GCC. The wood density appeared to affect the transpiration cessation times in the dry season, given that species with the lowest wood density reach negligible values of transpiration earlier in the season than those with high woody density. Our results show that soil water availability was the main limiting factor for transpiration during more than 80% of the year, and that both the phenological response and water use are directly related to water availability when relative saturation of the soil profile fell below 0.25.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13010075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T10:33:56Z","timestamp":1609151636000},"page":"75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Environmental Drivers of Water Use for Caatinga Woody Plant Species: Combining Remote Sensing Phenology and Sap Flow Measurements"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3697-4440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rennan A.","family":"Paloschi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Space Research\u2014INPE, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, SP 12227-010, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3342-6708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Desir\u00e9e Marques","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biodiversity, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Rio Claro, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3457-8399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dione J.","family":"Ventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Space Research\u2014INPE, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, SP 12227-010, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7551-0505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8349-6966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE 52171-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5265-8988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonor Patr\u00edcia Cerdeira","family":"Morellato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biodiversity, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Rio Claro, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9858-8222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodolfo L. B.","family":"N\u00f3brega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Buckhurst Road, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3571-0243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00cdtalo Ant\u00f4nio Cotta","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, FL 33612, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9498-6696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Verhoef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Environmental Science, The University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0876-0501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thales Sehn","family":"K\u00f6rting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Space Research\u2014INPE, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, SP 12227-010, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4496-0612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura De Simone","family":"Borma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Space Research\u2014INPE, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, SP 12227-010, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaaz1834","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz1834","article-title":"Climate change effects on plant-soil feedbacks and consequences for biodiversity and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems","volume":"5","author":"Pugnaire","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. 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