{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T22:15:10Z","timestamp":1772835310151,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,9]],"date-time":"2021-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Direction du d\u00e9veloppement durable des territoires,Province sud","award":["C.458-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C.458-19"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the necessary trade-offs between spatial and temporal resolution, remote sensing is an effective approach to monitor macroalgae blooms, understand their origins and anticipate their developments. Monitoring of small tropical lagoons is challenging because they require high resolutions. Since 2017, the Sentinel-2 satellites has provided new perspectives, and the feasibility of monitoring green algae blooms was investigated in this study. In the Po\u00e9-Gouaro-D\u00e9va lagoon, New Caledonia, recent Ulva blooms are the cause of significant nuisances when beaching. Spectral indices using the blue and green spectral bands were confronted with field observations of algal abundances using images concurrent with fieldwork. Depending on seabed compositions and types of correction applied to reflectance data, the spectral indices explained between 1 and 64.9% of variance. The models providing the best statistical fit were used to revisit the algal dynamics using Sentinel-2 data from January 2017 to December 2019, through two image segmentation approaches: unsupervised and supervised. The latter accurately reproduced the two algal blooms that occurred in the area in 2018. This paper demonstrates that Sentinel-2 data can be an effective source to hindcast and monitor the dynamics of green algae in shallow lagoons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13020211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,10]],"date-time":"2021-01-10T23:03:42Z","timestamp":1610319822000},"page":"211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Hindcast and Near Real-Time Monitoring of Green Macroalgae Blooms in Shallow Coral Reef Lagoons Using Sentinel-2: A New-Caledonia Case Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ma\u00eble","family":"Brisset","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Fran\u00e7ais de Recherche pour l\u2019Exploitation de la Mer, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE (Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, IFREMER, Universit\u00e9 de la Nouvelle-Cal\u00e9donie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Noum\u00e9a 98800, New Caledonia"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Van Wynsberge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Fran\u00e7ais de Recherche pour l\u2019Exploitation de la Mer, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE (Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, IFREMER, Universit\u00e9 de la Nouvelle-Cal\u00e9donie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Noum\u00e9a 98800, New Caledonia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3015-3759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serge","family":"Andr\u00e9fou\u00ebt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE (Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, IFREMER, Universit\u00e9 de la Nouvelle-Cal\u00e9donie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), BP A5, Noum\u00e9a CEDEX 98848, New Caledonia"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Payri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE (Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, IFREMER, Universit\u00e9 de la Nouvelle-Cal\u00e9donie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), BP A5, Noum\u00e9a CEDEX 98848, New Caledonia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8091-3912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beno\u00eet","family":"Soulard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Fran\u00e7ais de Recherche pour l\u2019Exploitation de la Mer, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE (Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, IFREMER, Universit\u00e9 de la Nouvelle-Cal\u00e9donie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Noum\u00e9a 98800, New Caledonia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8544-6882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Bourassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Fran\u00e7ais de Recherche pour l\u2019Exploitation de la Mer, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE (Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, IFREMER, Universit\u00e9 de la Nouvelle-Cal\u00e9donie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Noum\u00e9a 98800, New Caledonia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7015-8290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romain Le","family":"Gendre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Fran\u00e7ais de Recherche pour l\u2019Exploitation de la Mer, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE (Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, IFREMER, Universit\u00e9 de la Nouvelle-Cal\u00e9donie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Noum\u00e9a 98800, New Caledonia"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Coutures","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direction du D\u00e9veloppement Durable des Territoires, Province Sud, Noum\u00e9a 98849, New Caledonia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s11284-011-0821-8","article-title":"\u2018Green tides\u2019 are overwhelming the coastline of our blue planet: Taking the world\u2019s largest example 1994","volume":"26","author":"Ye","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecol. 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