{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T17:54:54Z","timestamp":1774634094652,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Tehran basin has been increasingly affected by subsidence during the last few decades due to groundwater withdrawal. Hence, the study of the strength of the power towers (PTs) of transmission lines, as vital structures, is an important subject. In this paper, the persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) method was applied on data stacks from two satellites (i.e., X-band COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) and C-band Sentinel-1A (S-1A)) obtained between 2014 and 2016 to investigate the deformation and the exact amount of displacement in each PT of the area of interest. Based on the results, during the same time interval (between October 2014 and February 2016), the vertical velocities calculated using CSK and S-1A were about \u221286 and \u221279 mm\/y, respectively. Although the CSK data analysis resulted in a better displacement interpretation of PTs, due to its high resolution and shorter wavelength, the S-1 data analysis also demonstrated sufficient persistent scatterer (PS) points. The research proves that most of the PTs along a transmission line are affected by high land subsidence, which puts them in a serious jeopardy. They must be constantly monitored to ensure their safety and accurate operation. The results are in complete agreement with information of the existing global positioning system (GPS) station in our study area and also the observations of two piezometric wells with declining trends in the groundwater reservoir, which has the greatest effect on the subsidence rate in this area. The analysis revealed that the strength of PTs is at a high risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13030407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T09:59:40Z","timestamp":1611568780000},"page":"407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Monitoring of Power Towers\u2019 Movement Using Persistent Scatterer SAR Interferometry in South West of Tehran"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6945-616X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Tarighat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Department, Geomatics Engineering Faculty, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 15433-19967, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9846-6890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Foroughnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Civil Engineering and Geosciences Faculty, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN Delft, Stevinweg, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Perissin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RASER Limited, Radar and Software Engineering Research Company, Hong Kong"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Evaluation of land subsidence using GIS technique (Case study: Tehran and Alborz provinces)","volume":"9","author":"Montazeriun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Disaster Prev. Manag. 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