{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T22:09:37Z","timestamp":1774908577965,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]],"date-time":"2021-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007195","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Napoli Federico II","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["University Research Funding Program - Line A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["University Research Funding Program - Line A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007195","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In most countries, landslides have caused severe socioeconomic impacts on people, cities, industrial establishments, and lifelines, such as highways, railways, and communication network systems. Socioeconomic losses due to slope failures are very high and they have been growing as the built environment expands into unstable hillside areas under the pressures of growing populations. Human activities as the construction of buildings, transportation routes, dams, and artificial canals have often been a major factor for the increasing damage due to slope failures. When recovery actions are not durable from an economic point of view, increasing the population\u2019s awareness is the key strategy to reduce the effects of natural and anthropogenic events. Starting from the case study of the Pan-American Highway (the Ecuadorian part), this article shows a multi-approach strategy for infrastructure monitoring. The combined use of (i) DInSAR technique for detection of slow ground deformations, (ii) field survey activities, and (iii) the QPROTO tool for analysis of slopes potentially prone to collapse allowed us to obtain a first cognitive map to better characterize 22 km of the highway between the cities of Cuenca and Azogues. This study is the primary step in the development of a landslide awareness perspective to manage risk related to landslides along infrastructure corridors, increasing user safety and providing stakeholders with a management system to plan the most urgent interventions and to ensure the correct functionality of the infrastructure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13081564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T06:35:53Z","timestamp":1618814153000},"page":"1564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Landslide Awareness System (LAwS) to Increase the Resilience and Safety of Transport Infrastructure: The Case Study of Pan-American Highway (Cuenca\u2013Ecuador)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Pietro","family":"Miele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environment and Resources Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant\u2019Angelo, 80126 Naples, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7450-068X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariano","family":"Di Napoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5837-5409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Guerriero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environment and Resources Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant\u2019Angelo, 80126 Naples, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0671-965X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Ramondini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Federico II University of Naples, 80125 Naples, Italy"}]},{"given":"Chester","family":"Sellers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ecuatoriano de Regimen Seccional (IERSE), University of Azuay, EC-01.01.981, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador"}]},{"given":"Mariagiulia","family":"Annibali Corona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environment and Resources Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant\u2019Angelo, 80126 Naples, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0046-9530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Di Martire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environment and Resources Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant\u2019Angelo, 80126 Naples, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1525\/ae.2005.32.3.389","article-title":"Humanitarian Exception as the Rule: The Political Theology of the 1999 Tragedia in Venezuela","volume":"32","author":"Fassin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. 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