{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T06:17:45Z","timestamp":1774333065550,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian Research Council","award":["DP120101793"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP120101793"]}]},{"name":"Australian Research Council","award":["FT100100215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FT100100215"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rubble islands are dynamic sedimentary features present on reef platforms that evolve under a variety of morphodynamic processes and controlling mechanisms. They provide valuable inhabitable land for small island nations, critical habitat for numerous species, and are threatened by climate change. Aiming to investigate the controlling mechanisms dictating the evolution of One Tree Island (OTI), a rubble island in the Southern Great Barrier Reef, we combined different remotely-sensed data across varying timescales with wave data extracted from satellite altimetry and cyclone activity. Our findings show that (1) OTI had expanded by 7% between 1978 and 2019, (2) significant gross planform decadal adjustments were governed by the amount, intensity, proximity, and relative position of cyclones as well as El Ni\u00f1o Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases, and (3) the mechanisms of island growth involve rubble spits delivering and redistributing rubble to the island through alongshore sediment transport and wave overtopping. Frequent short-term monitoring of the island and further research coupling variations in the different factors driving island change (i.e., sediment availability, reef-wave interactions, and extreme events) are needed to shed light on the future trajectory of OTI and other rubble islands under a climate change scenario.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13081582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T11:21:38Z","timestamp":1618831298000},"page":"1582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Morphodynamic Controls for Growth and Evolution of a Rubble Coral Island"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lara","family":"Talavera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences Department, University of C\u00e1diz, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4069-3094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Vila-Concejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geocoastal Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0005-6448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jody M.","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geocoastal Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}]},{"given":"Courtney","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geocoastal Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3225-3315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Duce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TropWater, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Bebegu Yumba Campus, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Fellowes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geocoastal Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6095-7689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tristan","family":"Salles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geocoastal Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1340-4373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York YO10 5NG, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9472-8710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Will","family":"Figueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3458-3465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Hacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARA\u2014Airborne Research Australia, Parafield Airport, Parafield, SA 5106, Australia"},{"name":"College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.2112\/JCOASTRES-D-12-00129.1","article-title":"Multidecadal Atoll Shoreline Change on Manihi and Manuae, French Polynesia","volume":"29","author":"Yates","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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