{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T22:55:23Z","timestamp":1762642523347,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["116134KYSB20180114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["116134KYSB20180114"]}]},{"name":"the Key Collaborative Research Program of the Alliance of International Science Organizations","award":["ANSO-CR-KP-2020-09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANSO-CR-KP-2020-09"]}]},{"name":"the CASHIPS Director\u2019s Fund","award":["YZJJ2020QN34"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YZJJ2020QN34"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The formation and evolution of clouds are associated with their thermodynamical and microphysical progress. Previous studies have been conducted to collect images using ground-based cloud observation equipment to provide important cloud characteristics information. However, most of this equipment cannot perform continuous observations during the day and night, and their field of view (FOV) is also limited. To address these issues, this work proposes a day and night clouds detection approach integrated into a self-made thermal-infrared (TIR) all-sky-view camera. The TIR camera consists of a high-resolution thermal microbolometer array and a fish-eye lens with a FOV larger than 160\u00b0. In addition, a detection scheme was designed to directly subtract the contamination of the atmospheric TIR emission from the entire infrared image of such a large FOV, which was used for cloud recognition. The performance of this scheme was validated by comparing the cloud fractions retrieved from the infrared channel with those from the visible channel and manual observation. The results indicated that the current instrument could obtain accurate cloud fraction from the observed infrared image, and the TIR all-sky-view camera developed in this work exhibits good feasibility for long-term and continuous cloud observation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13091852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T10:49:51Z","timestamp":1620643791000},"page":"1852","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Day and Night Clouds Detection Using a Thermal-Infrared All-Sky-View Camera"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yiren","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"},{"name":"Science Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei 230026, China"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1359-697X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanyi","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"},{"name":"Science Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei 230026, China"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Air Traffic Management Bureau, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Hefei 230094, China"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"}]},{"given":"Xinfeng","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shouxian National Climatically Observatory, Huainan 232200, China"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Meteorological Science Research Institute, Hefei 230031, China"}]},{"given":"Congcong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Air Traffic Management Bureau, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Hefei 230094, China"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"}]},{"given":"Yingwei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2013.09.016","article-title":"Predicting solar irradiance with all-sky image features via regression","volume":"97","author":"Fu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sol. 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