{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T22:16:11Z","timestamp":1768342571103,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFE0202100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFE0202100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Qian Xuesen Youth Innovation Fund of China Aerospace Science and Technology Group","award":["Y-KC-JT-QXS-014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y-KC-JT-QXS-014"]}]},{"name":"Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science\uff0cChinese Academy of Sciences","award":["2019LDE001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019LDE001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Moon-based Earth observations have attracted significant attention across many large-scale phenomena. As the only natural satellite of the Earth, and having a stable lunar surface as well as a particular orbit, Moon-based Earth observations allow the Earth to be viewed as a single point. Furthermore, in contrast with artificial satellites, the varied inclination of Moon-based observations can improve angular samplings of specific locations on Earth. However, the potential for estimating the global outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) from the Earth with such a platform has not yet been fully explored. To evaluate the possibility of calculating OLR using specific Earth observation geometry, we constructed a model to estimate Moon-based OLR measurements and investigated the potential of a Moon-based platform to acquire the necessary data to estimate global mean OLR. The primary method of our study is the discretization of the observational scope into various elements and the consequent integration of the OLR of all elements. Our results indicate that a Moon-based platform is suitable for global sampling related to the calculation of global mean OLR. By separating the geometric and anisotropic factors from the measurement calculations, we ensured that measured values include the effects of the Moon-based Earth observation geometry and the anisotropy of the scenes in the observational scope. Although our results indicate that higher measured values can be achieved if the platform is located near the center of the lunar disk, a maximum difference between locations of approximately 9 \u00d7 10\u22124 W m\u22122 indicates that the effect of location is too small to remarkably improve observation performance of the platform. In conclusion, our analysis demonstrates that a Moon-based platform has the potential to provide continuous, adequate, and long-term data for estimating global mean OLR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13112201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T01:56:40Z","timestamp":1623031000000},"page":"2201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Estimating the Earth\u2019s Outgoing Longwave Radiation Measured from a Moon-Based Platform"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4592-339X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanlin","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space and Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Huadong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Jinsong","family":"Ping","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Exploration, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.20 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2284-8005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Yiwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space and Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13421","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-11-13421-2011","article-title":"Earth\u2019s energy imbalance and implications","volume":"11","author":"Hansen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. 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