{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T09:59:14Z","timestamp":1783418354636,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]],"date-time":"2021-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, Australian Research Council","award":["DP160103197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP160103197"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bridge infrastructures are continuously subject to degradation due to aging and excess loading, placing users at risk. It has now become a major concern worldwide, where the majority of bridge infrastructures are approaching their design life. This compels the engineering community to develop robust methods for continuous monitoring of bridge infrastructures including the loads passing over them. Here, a moving load identification method based on the explicit form of Newmark-\u03b2 method and Generalized Tikhonov Regularization is proposed. Most of the existing studies are based on the state space method, suffering from the errors of a large discretization and a low sampling frequency. The accuracy of the proposed method is investigated numerically and experimentally. The numerical study includes a single simply supported bridge and a three-span continuous bridge, and the experimental study includes a single-span simply supported bridge installed by sensors. The effects of factors such as the number of sensors, sensor locations, road roughness, measurement noise, sampling frequency and vehicle speed are investigated. Results indicate that the method is not sensitive to sensor placement and sampling frequencies. Furthermore, it is able to identify moving loads without disruptions when passing through supports of a continuous bridge, where most the existing methods fail.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13122291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]],"date-time":"2021-06-14T22:25:46Z","timestamp":1623709546000},"page":"2291","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Comprehensive Study of Moving Load Identification on Bridge Structures Using the Explicit Form of Newmark-\u03b2 Method: Numerical and Experimental Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Solmaz","family":"Pourzeynali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, School of Engineering, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinqun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1513-7096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Ghari Zadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, School of Engineering, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Rashidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, School of Engineering, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bijan","family":"Samali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, School of Engineering, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"148","article-title":"Review on bridge structural damage identification techniques based on bridge-vehicle coupled vibration analysis","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"China Saf. 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