{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T18:11:11Z","timestamp":1783015871754,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32071590"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32071590"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31961143011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31961143011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDB40000000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB40000000"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation in Shaanxi Province of China","award":["2019JM-457"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019JM-457"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Quantitatively identifying the influences of vegetation restoration (VR) on water resources is crucial to ecological planning. Although vegetation coverage has improved on the Loess Plateau (LP) of China since the implementation of VR policy, the way vegetation dynamics influences regional evapotranspiration (ET) remains controversial. In this study, we first investigate long-term spatiotemporal trends of total ET (TET) components, including ground evaporation (GE) and canopy ET (CET, sum of canopy interception and canopy transpiration) based on the GLEAM-ET dataset. The ET changes are attributed to VR on the LP from 2000 to 2015 and these results are quantitatively evaluated here using the Community Land Model (CLM). Finally, the relative contributions of VR and climate change to ET are identified by combining climate scenarios and VR scenarios. The results show that the positive effect of VR on CET is offset by the negative effect of VR on GE, which results in a weak variation in TET at an annual scale and an increased TET is only shown in summer. Regardless of the representative concentration pathway (RCP4.5 or RCP8.5), differences resulted from the responses of TET to different vegetation conditions ranging from \u22123.7 to \u22121.2 mm, while climate change from RCP4.5 to RCP8.5 caused an increase in TET ranging from 0.1 to 65.3 mm. These findings imply that climate change might play a dominant role in ET variability on the LP, and this work emphasizes the importance of comprehensively considering the interactions among climate factors to assess the relative contributions of VR and climate change to ET.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13122358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T21:58:32Z","timestamp":1623880712000},"page":"2358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Quantifying the Responses of Evapotranspiration and Its Components to Vegetation Restoration and Climate Change on the Loess Plateau of China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7250-5698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linjing","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5163-0884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoyang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fubo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2020.124835","article-title":"Modeling of evapotranspiration changes with forest management practices: A genealogical review","volume":"585","author":"Komatsu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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