{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:07:02Z","timestamp":1760234822142,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]],"date-time":"2021-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3102019HHZY03011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3102019HHZY03011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42076198, 61901383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42076198, 61901383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019M663822, 2020M670246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019M663822, 2020M670246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An adaptive particle filter method is presented for performing sequential geoacoustic estimation of a shallow water acoustic environment using the explosive sound sources. This approach treats environmental parameters and source\u2013receiver distance as unknown random variables that evolve as the source moves. As a sequential estimation method, this approach reduces the expense of computation than genetic algorithm and yields results with the same accuracy. Comparing with standard Particle filter, proposed method can adjust control parameters to adapt to a rapidly changing environment. This approach is demonstrated on the shallow water sound propagation data which was collected during the ASIAEX 2001 experiment. The results indicate that the geoacoustic parameters are well estimated and source\u2013receiver distance are also well determined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13122387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]],"date-time":"2021-06-18T11:19:20Z","timestamp":1624015160000},"page":"2387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sequential Parameter Estimation of Modal Dispersion Curves with an Adaptive Particle Filter in Shallow Water: Experimental Results"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ocean Acoustics and Sensing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}]},{"given":"Kunde","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ocean Acoustics and Sensing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}]},{"given":"Qiulong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ocean Acoustics and Sensing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1109\/JOE.2004.833224","article-title":"Geoacoustic inversion results from the ASIAEX East China Sea experiment","volume":"29","author":"Potty","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE J. 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