{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T22:21:43Z","timestamp":1767046903730,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61831010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61831010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009993","name":"Excellent Youth Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JQ2019F001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JQ2019F001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009993","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, the aperture synthesis processing techniques for the distributed shipborne high frequency hybrid sky-surface wave radar (HFHSSWR) are proposed to improve the azimuth resolution and obtain the velocity vector and the azimuth estimation of the moving target. First, the system geometry and the signal model of the moving target for the distributed shipborne HFHSSWR are formulated, and then the azimuth resolution improvement principle is derived. Second, based on the developed signal model, we propose an azimuth resolution improvement algorithm, which can obtain the synthetic azimuth bandwidth and an improved resolution using sub-band combination. Finally, a target parameters inversion method is introduced to estimate the target velocity vector and the target azimuth, by solving the equations regarding the target geometry and echo signal parameters numerically. The simulations are performed to verify the proposed algorithms. The results indicate that the distributed synthetic aperture techniques effectively improve the azimuth resolution of this radar, and can obtain the target velocity vector and the high-precision estimation of the target azimuth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13132471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T11:01:38Z","timestamp":1624532498000},"page":"2471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Azimuth Resolution Improvement and Target Parameters Inversion for Distributed Shipborne High Frequency Hybrid Sky-Surface Wave Radar"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3279-8796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingkai","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Monitoring and Information Processing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Monitoring and Information Processing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"given":"Yinsheng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Monitoring and Information Processing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Monitoring and Information Processing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, X., Wei, Y., and Liu, Y. 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