{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T10:51:38Z","timestamp":1768819898539,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005401","name":"Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ministerial Decree no. 31950\/7303\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ministerial Decree no. 31950\/7303\/16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005401","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The importance of mixed forests is increasingly recognized on a scientific level, due to their greater productivity and efficiency in resource use, compared to pure stands. However, a reliable quantification of the actual spatial extent of mixed stands on a fine spatial scale is still lacking. Indeed, classification and mapping of mixed populations, especially with semi-automatic procedures, has been a challenging issue up to date. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the potential of Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) and Very-High-Resolution imagery (VHR) to detect and map mixed forests of broadleaves and coniferous trees with a Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) of 500 m2. This study evaluates segmentation-based classification paired with non-parametric method K- nearest-neighbors (K-NN), trained with a dataset independent from the validation one. The forest area mapped as mixed forest canopies in the study area amounts to 11%, with an overall accuracy being equal to 85% and K of 0.78. Better levels of user and producer accuracies (85\u201393%) are reached in conifer and broadleaved dominated stands. The study findings demonstrate that the very high resolution images (0.20 m of spatial resolutions) can be reliably used to detect the fine-grained pattern of rare mixed forests, thus supporting the monitoring and management of forest resources also on fine spatial scales.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13132508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T23:57:22Z","timestamp":1624838242000},"page":"2508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Object Oriented Classification for Mapping Mixed and Pure Forest Stands Using Very-High Resolution Imagery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Loredana","family":"Oreti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-Food and Forestry System (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo De Lellis, SNC, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Giuliarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-Food and Forestry System (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo De Lellis, SNC, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6656-400X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Tomao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-Food and Forestry System (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo De Lellis, SNC, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"},{"name":"Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Viale S. Margherita, 80, 52100 Arezzo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9064-0903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Barbati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-Food and Forestry System (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo De Lellis, SNC, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.5424\/fs\/2014233-06256","article-title":"European mixed forests: Definition and research perspectives","volume":"23","author":"Pretzsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"For. Syst."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2019, May 07). Corine Land Cover Nomenclature Guidelines. 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