{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T09:47:47Z","timestamp":1773654467706,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A comparison of thundercloud characteristics in different regions of the world was conducted. The clouds studied developed in India, China and in two regions of Russia. Several field projects were discussed. Cloud characteristics were measured by weather radars, the SEVERI instrument installed on board of the Meteosat satellite, and lightning detection systems. The statistical characteristics of the clouds were tabulated from radar scans and correlated with lightning observations. Thunderclouds in India differ significantly from those observed in other regions. The relationships among lightning strike frequency, supercooled cloud volume, and precipitation intensity were analyzed. In most cases, high correlation was observed between lightning strike frequency and supercooled volume.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13163216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T09:22:38Z","timestamp":1628846558000},"page":"3216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Investigation of Thundercloud Features in Different Regions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Andrei","family":"Sin\u2019kevich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Main Geophysical Observatory, Department of Geophysical Monitoring and Investigation, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Boe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weather Modification International, Fargo, ND 58102, USA"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Pawar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thunderstorm Dynamics, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune 411008, India"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0504-3160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Abshaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hail Suppression Research Center \u201cANTIGRAD\u201d, 360004 Nalchik, Russia"}]},{"given":"Yulia","family":"Dovgaluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Main Geophysical Observatory, Department of Geophysical Monitoring and Investigation, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia"}]},{"given":"Julduz","family":"Gekkieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cloud Seeding, High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, 360030 Nalchik, Russia"}]},{"given":"Venkatachalam","family":"Gopalakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thunderstorm Dynamics, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune 411008, India"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Kurov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Main Geophysical Observatory, Department of Geophysical Monitoring and Investigation, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia"}]},{"given":"Yurii","family":"Mikhailovskii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Main Geophysical Observatory, Department of Geophysical Monitoring and Investigation, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Toropova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Main Geophysical Observatory, Department of Geophysical Monitoring and Investigation, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia"}]},{"given":"Nikolai","family":"Veremei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Main Geophysical Observatory, Department of Geophysical Monitoring and Investigation, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.3103\/S1068373920100052","article-title":"Investigation of Electrification Mechanisms and Relationship between the Electrical Discharge Frequency and Radar Characteristics of the Thunderstorm in China","volume":"45","author":"Dovgalyuk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Russ. 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