{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:55:25Z","timestamp":1785412525625,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2018M1A3A3A02066002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018M1A3A3A02066002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003566","name":"Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Development of smart maintenance monitoring techniques to prepare for disaster and deterioration of port infra structures"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Development of smart maintenance monitoring techniques to prepare for disaster and deterioration of port infra structures"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003566","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Accurate measurement of water levels and variations in lakes and reservoirs is crucial for water management. The retrieval of the accurate variations in water levels in lakes and reservoirs with small widths from high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images such as the TerraSAR add-on for Digital Elevation Measurements (TanDEM-X) and COnstellation of small Satellites for the Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO-SkyMed) are presented here. A detailed digital surface model (DSM) for the upstream face of the dam was constructed using SAR interferometry with TanDEM-X data to estimate the water level. The elevation of the waterline below that of the interferometric SAR (InSAR) DSM was estimated based on upstream face modeling. The waterline boundary detected using the SAR Edge Detection Hough Transform algorithm was applied to the restored DSM. The SAR-derived water level variations showed a high correlation coefficient of 0.99 and a gradient of 1.08 with the gauged data. The difference between the gauged data and SAR-derived data was within \u00b11 m, and the standard deviation of the residual was 0.60 m. These results suggest that water level estimation can be used as an operational supplement for traditional gauged data at remote sites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13183641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T21:48:01Z","timestamp":1631483281000},"page":"3641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Monitoring of Water Level Change in a Dam from High-Resolution SAR Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yoon-Kyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy Resources and Geosystems Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0737-1440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang-Hoon","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2598-3835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang-Wan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy Resources and Geosystems Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4529","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-18-4529-2014","article-title":"Historical impact of water infrastructure on water levels of the Mekong River and the Tonle Sap system","volume":"18","author":"Cochrance","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hydrol. 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