{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T08:04:12Z","timestamp":1767773052764,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2018YFC1503704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1503704"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41874003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41874003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["2020M680618"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020M680618"]}]},{"name":"the Special Fund of the Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration","award":["2020IEF0708; 2020IEF0502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020IEF0708; 2020IEF0502"]}]},{"name":"the Special Fund of China Seismic Experimental Site","award":["2019CSES0101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019CSES0101"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Baihetan hydropower station is the second largest hydropower station worldwide. It began to store water in April 2021. We conducted a dense hybrid gravity and GNSS survey at 223 stations, obtained the free-air and Bouguer gravity anomalies, inversed the lithospheric density structure, and calculated the isostatic additional force (IAF) borne by lithosphere in the reservoir area. Moreover, we studied the gravity change and Coulomb stress change around the Baihetan reservoir due to impoundment. The main findings are the following. (1) Hybrid gravity and GNSS observations significantly improved the spatial resolution of the gravity field, and the maximum improvement reached up to 150 mGal. (2) A new method for risk assessment of reservoir-induced earthquakes is proposed from the perspective of lithospheric equilibrium. It was found that there is an IAF of \u221230 MPa at approximately 20 km upstream of the Baihetan dam, and the risk of a reservoir-induced earthquake in this area warrants attention. (3) It was found that the Coulomb stress variation on the Xiaojiang fault near Qiaojia at a depth of 10 km exceeded the threshold for inducing an earthquake (0.1 bar).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13193895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T21:26:20Z","timestamp":1633728380000},"page":"3895","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Lithospheric Equilibrium, Environmental Changes, and Potential Induced-Earthquake Risk around the Newly Impounded Baihetan Reservoir, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1528-0055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangyu","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Yawen","family":"She","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China"}]},{"given":"Guoqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Monitoring and Application Center, China Earthquake Administration, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Shanghua","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China"}]},{"given":"Tai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"94","article-title":"Seismic background character in the Bahetan reservoir area","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Earthquake"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1380","article-title":"Velocity structure tomography of regions downstream the Jinsha River based on dense observation","volume":"41","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Seismol. 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