{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T17:18:53Z","timestamp":1778347133435,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62071492"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62071492"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61701542"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61701542"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the improvement of spatial resolution of hyperspectral remote sensing images, the influence of spectral variability is gradually appearing in hyperspectral unmixing. The shortcomings of endmember extraction methods using a single spectrum to represent one type of material are revealed. To address spectral variability for hyperspectral unmixing, a multiscale resampling endmember bundle extraction (MSREBE) method is proposed in this paper. There are four steps in the proposed endmember bundle extraction method: (1) boundary detection; (2) sub-images in multiscale generation; (3) endmember extraction from each sub-image; (4) stepwise most similar collection (SMSC) clustering. The SMSC clustering method is aimed at solving the problem in determining which endmember bundle the extracted endmembers belong to. Experiments carried on both a simulated dataset and real hyperspectral datasets show that the endmembers extracted by the proposed method are superior to those extracted by the compared methods, and the optimal results in abundance estimation are maintained.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13193941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T21:26:20Z","timestamp":1633728380000},"page":"3941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["An Endmember Bundle Extraction Method Based on Multiscale Sampling to Address Spectral Variability for Hyperspectral Unmixing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4145-0855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuanlong","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5049-9394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shanwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6758-9863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0059-8458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2634-8588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhua","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9933-1955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Osei Darko, P., Kalacska, M., Arroyo-Mora, J.P., and Fagan, M.E. 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