{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T21:49:36Z","timestamp":1775857776353,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFE0107000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFE0107000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ten-thousand Talents Plan of Zhejiang Province","award":["2019R52004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R52004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Climate change has proven to have a profound impact on the growth of vegetation from various points of view. Understanding how vegetation changes and its response to climatic shift is of vital importance for describing their mutual relationships and projecting future land\u2013climate interactions. Arid areas are considered to be regions that respond most strongly to climate change. Xinjiang, as a typical dryland in China, has received great attention lately for its unique ecological environment. However, comprehensive studies examining vegetation change and its driving factors across Xinjiang are rare. Here, we used the remote sensing datasets (MOD13A2 and TerraClimate) and data of meteorological stations to investigate the trends in the dynamic change in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and its response to climate change from 2000 to 2019 across Xinjiang based on the Google Earth platform. We found that the increment rates of growth-season mean and maximum NDVI were 0.0011 per year and 0.0013 per year, respectively, by averaging all of the pixels from the region. The results also showed that, compared with other land use types, cropland had the fastest greening rate, which was mainly distributed among the northern Tianshan Mountains and Southern Junggar Basin and the northern margin of the Tarim Basin. The vegetation browning areas primarily spread over the Ili River Valley where most grasslands were distributed. Moreover, there was a trend of warming and wetting across Xinjiang over the past 20 years; this was determined by analyzing the climate data. Through correlation analysis, we found that the contribution of precipitation to NDVI (R2 = 0.48) was greater than that of temperature to NDVI (R2 = 0.42) throughout Xinjiang. The Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was also computed to better investigate the correlation between climate change and vegetation growth in arid areas. Our results could improve the local management of dryland ecosystems and provide insights into the complex interaction between vegetation and climate change.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13204063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T21:45:32Z","timestamp":1633988732000},"page":"4063","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Dynamics of Vegetation Greenness and Its Response to Climate Change in Xinjiang over the Past Two Decades"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0340-5594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Technology Application, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}]},{"given":"Yanyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Technology Application, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}]},{"given":"Hongfen","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, 206 Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205, China"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Technology Application, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}]},{"given":"Danlu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Technology Application, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Plant Sciences, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0801-3546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asim","family":"Biswas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Alexander Hall 135, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3914-5402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhou","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Technology Application, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01286","article-title":"A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems","volume":"421","author":"Parmesan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aal1727","article-title":"Satellites reveal contrasting responses of regional climate to the widespread greening of Earth","volume":"365","author":"Forzieri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate3204","article-title":"Accelerating net terrestrial carbon uptake during the warming hiatus due to reduced respiration","volume":"7","author":"Ballantyne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. 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