{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T05:21:23Z","timestamp":1772083283460,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant","award":["61701123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61701123"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cyber-Physical System under Grant","award":["2020B1212060069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020B1212060069"]}]},{"name":"High Resolution Earth Observation Major Project under Grant","award":["83-Y40G33-9001- 18\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["83-Y40G33-9001- 18\/20"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hyperspectral images (HSIs) often contain pixels with mixed spectra, which makes it difficult to accurately separate the background signal from the anomaly target signal. To mitigate this problem, we present a method that applies spectral unmixing and structure sparse representation to accurately extract the pure background features and to establish a structured sparse representation model at a sub-pixel level by using the Archetypal Analysis (AA) scheme. Specifically, spectral unmixing with AA is used to unmix the spectral data to obtain representative background endmember signatures. Moreover the unmixing reconstruction error is utilized for the identification of the target. Structured sparse representation is also adopted for anomaly target detection by using the background endmember features from AA unmixing. Moreover, both the AA unmixing reconstruction error and the structured sparse representation reconstruction error are integrated together to enhance the anomaly target detection performance. The proposed method exploits background features at a sub-pixel level to improve the accuracy of anomaly target detection. Comparative experiments and analysis on public hyperspectral datasets show that the proposed algorithm potentially surpasses all the counterpart methods in anomaly target detection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13204102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T21:48:39Z","timestamp":1634161719000},"page":"4102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Archetypal Analysis and Structured Sparse Representation for Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3360-1756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computers, Guangdong University and Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Technology on Electronic Test & Measurement Laboratory, The 41st Institute of CECT, Qingdao 266555, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7230-1476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiuwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Northwest Poly Technical University, Xi\u2019an 710129, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4160-3452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kati","family":"Laakso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Earth Observation Sciences, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmontion, AB T6G 2E3, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3741-1124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan Cheung-Wai","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VUB\u2013ETRO Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-food-032818-121155","article-title":"Advanced Techniques for Hyperspectral Imaging in the Food Industry: Principles and Recent Applications","volume":"39","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. 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