{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T18:08:28Z","timestamp":1773511708526,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) products, as important satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs) of Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, have provided hydrologists with critical precipitation data sources for hydrological applications in gauge-sparse or ungauged basins. This study statistically and hydrologically evaluated the latest GPM-era GSMaP SPPs in real-, near-real- and post-real-time versions at daily and hourly temporal scales in the sparsely gauged Yellow River source region (YRSR) in China. It includes the five latest GSMaP SPPs, namely, gauge-adjusted product (GSMaP-Gauge), microwave-infrared reanalyzed product (GSMaP-MVK), near-real-time product (GSMaP-NRT), near-real-time product with gauge-based adjustment (GSMaP-NRT-Gauge), and real-time product (GSMaP-Now). The statistical assessment showed that among all five GSMaP SPPs, GSMaP-Gauge presented the best overall performance in daily and hourly precipitation detections in YRSR, followed by GSMaP-Now. GSMaP-NRT-Gauge was ranked the third, whereas GSMaP-MVK and GSMaP-NRT had relatively inferior performance. Given that GSMaP-Gauge demonstrated the best quality among all evaluated GSMaP SPPs, GSMaP-Gauge displayed the best hydrological feasibility in daily streamflow simulation. Both GSMaP-MVK and GSMaP-NRT presented inferior hydrological capability, with a considerable overestimation of the total streamflow. In contrast, GSMaP-Now and GSMaP-NRT-Gauge displayed basically acceptable hydrological performance in daily discharge simulations. In terms of hourly flood simulations, the performance of GSMaP-Gauge slightly worsened but was comparable to the rain-gauge-based precipitation data set. Following GSMaP-Gauge, GSMaP-Now and GSMaP-NRT-Gauge obtained certain predictability of flood events. In general, GSMaP-MVK and GSMaP-NRT barely had hydrological utility for flood-event simulations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13214199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T21:31:26Z","timestamp":1634765486000},"page":"4199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Are the Latest GSMaP Satellite Precipitation Products Feasible for Daily and Hourly Discharge Simulations in the Yellow River Source Region?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jiayong","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hydrology Bureau, Yellow River Conservancy Commission, 12 East Chengbei Road, Zhengzhou 540004, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9121-9571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3867-2139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China"}]},{"given":"Chunxiang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Meteorological Information Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0098-1008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China-Canada Center for Energy, Environment and Ecology Research, UofR-BNU, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}]},{"given":"Limin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7060-2109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chongxu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2013.07.023","article-title":"Multi-scale evaluation of high-resolution multi-sensor blended global precipitation products over the Yangtze River","volume":"500","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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