{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T06:05:27Z","timestamp":1775455527260,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"State assignment","award":["0555-2021-0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0555-2021-0006"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21-17-0027869"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-17-0027869"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Lena River plume significantly affects the thermohaline, optical and chemical properties of the eastern Arctic seas. We use sea surface salinity (SSS), temperature (SST), and altimetry measurements to study features of the Lena plume propagation during 1993\u20132020. A comparison of Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) SSS measurements with in situ data obtained using the flow-through system in oceanographic surveys in 2018\u20132019 demonstrates good coincidence with correlation ~ 0.96 and RMSD ~ 1 psu. The SMAP data were used to reconstruct the plume evolution in 2015\u20132020 and to identify three main types of Lena plume propagation, which are mainly related to the variability of dominant zonal wind direction: \u00abnorthern\u00bb\u2014the plume moves to the north from the delta up to 78\u00b0 N; \u00abeastern\u00bb\u2014the plume moves eastward along the Siberian coast up to 180\u00b0 E; \u00abmixed\u00bb between two main types. Brackish plume waters were characterized by increased temperature and sea level, which provides the opportunity for studying the Lena plume dynamics using satellite altimetry and infrared measurements. These data were analyzed to study the interannual variability of plume propagation during the ice-free period of 1993\u20132020. The obtained results show that the \u00abnorthern\u00bb type is observed twice more often than the \u00abeastern\u00bb one, but the \u00abeastern\u00bb type has intensified since 2010.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13214252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,24]],"date-time":"2021-10-24T22:07:11Z","timestamp":1635113231000},"page":"4252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Interannual Variability of the Lena River Plume Propagation in 1993\u20132020 during the Ice-Free Period on the Base of Satellite Salinity, Temperature, and Altimetry Measurements"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4852-3380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladislav R.","family":"Zhuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3561-5913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arseny Alexandrovich","family":"Kubryakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloplacha.2014.11.013","article-title":"Arctic freshwater export: Status, mechanisms, and prospects","volume":"125","author":"Haine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glob. 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