{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:31:42Z","timestamp":1760236302917,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,14]],"date-time":"2021-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NASA Earth Surface and Interior Focus Area","award":["80NSSC19K131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["80NSSC19K131"]}]},{"name":"NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) Science Team","award":["80NSSC19K1491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["80NSSC19K1491"]}]},{"name":"NASA Interdisciplinary Research (IDS) in Earth Science Program","award":["80NSSC17K0022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["80NSSC17K0022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Decorrelation of X, C, and L-band InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) over densely vegetated regions is a common obstacle for detecting ground deformation beneath forest canopies. Using long-wavelength P-band SAR sensors (wavelength of 69.72 cm), which can penetrate through dense forests and collect relatively consistent signals from ground surface, is one potential solution. Here, we experimented using the NASA JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)\u2019s P-band AirMOSS (Airborne Microwave Observatory of Subcanopy and Subsurface) radar system to collect repeat-pass P-band SAR data over densely vegetated regions in Oregon and California (USA), and generated by far the first P-band InSAR results to test the capability of P-band InSAR for geohazard detection over forested terrains. Our results show that the AirMOSS P-band InSAR could retain coherence two times as high as the L-band satellite ALOS-2 (Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2) data, and was significantly more effective in discovering localized geohazards that were unseen by the ALOS-2 interferograms over densely vegetated areas. Our results suggest that the airborne P-band InSAR could be a revolutionary tool for studying geohazards under dense forest canopies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13224575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,14]],"date-time":"2021-11-14T20:51:53Z","timestamp":1636923113000},"page":"4575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["P-Band InSAR for Geohazard Detection over Forested Terrains: Preliminary Results"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0645-2513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuankun","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Roy M. Huffington Department of Earth Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9181-1818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roy M. Huffington Department of Earth Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9097-2465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin-Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roy M. Huffington Department of Earth Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1080\/19479832.2010.499219","article-title":"Radar image and data fusion for natural hazards characterization","volume":"1","author":"Lu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Image Data Fusion"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crosetto, M., Solari, L., Mr\u00f3z, M., Balasis-Levinsen, J., Casagli, N., Frei, M., Oyen, A., Moldestad, D.A., Bateson, L., and Guerrieri, L. (2020). The Evolution of Wide-Area DInSAR: From Regional and National Services to the European Ground Motion Service. 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