{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T03:28:11Z","timestamp":1774236491519,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to realize a compact L-band transponder design for the calibration of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, a novel antenna was developed by DLR. As with previous designs for different frequency bands, the future transponder is based on a two-antenna concept. This paper addresses the issue of antenna coupling between corrugated L-band horn antennas, which are operated in close proximity. The antenna coupling is analyzed via simulations and measurements by utilizing specifically defined coupling parameters. Additionally, improvements to further lower the mutual antenna coupling have been designed, tested, and are described in this paper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13224614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T02:42:28Z","timestamp":1637116948000},"page":"4614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mitigation of Mutual Antenna Coupling Effects for Active Radar Targets in L-Band"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3827-7932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Maria","family":"B\u00fcchner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Microwaves and Radar Institute, M\u00fcnchener Stra\u00dfe 20, 82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2160-8018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klaus","family":"Weidenhaupt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Microwaves and Radar Institute, M\u00fcnchener Stra\u00dfe 20, 82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1477-1829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernd","family":"Gabler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Microwaves and Radar Institute, M\u00fcnchener Stra\u00dfe 20, 82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3686-5535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Limbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Microwaves and Radar Institute, M\u00fcnchener Stra\u00dfe 20, 82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0045-3726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Schwerdt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Microwaves and Radar Institute, M\u00fcnchener Stra\u00dfe 20, 82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1109\/MGRS.2013.2248301","article-title":"A Tutorial on Synthetic Aperture Radar","volume":"1","author":"Moreira","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Geosci. Remote. Sens. Mag."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Raab, S., Rudolf, D., Weidenhaupt, K.F., and Schwerdt, M. (2018, January 4\u20137). Development of DLR\u2019s Innovative Remote Controlled Calibration Targets-Potential of Polarization Sensitive Measurements. Proceedings of the European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (EUSAR), Eurogress Aachen, Aachen, Germany."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Weidenhaupt, K.F., Raab, S., Rudolf, D., and Schwerdt, M. (2018, January 4\u20137). Innovative Antenna Concepts for DLR\u2019s Fully Polarimetric Low-Frequency Transponders. Proceedings of the European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (EUSAR), Eurogress Aachen, Aachen, Germany."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2002.804002","article-title":"Improved Radiation Pattern Performance of Gaussian Profiled Horn Antennas","volume":"50","author":"Gonzalo","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"B\u00fcchner, A.M. (2019). Measurement and Simulation of Mutual Coupling Effects between Dual-Polarized L-Band Horn Antennas for Satellite-Based Radar System Calibration. [Master\u2019s Thesis, University of Applied Sciences Jena]."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Rudolf, D., D\u00f6ring, B., Jirousek, M., Reimann, J., and Schwerdt, M. (2016, January 6\u20139). A Compact Antenna Rotation Concept for Precise Polarimetric SAR Calibration Transponders. Proceedings of the European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (EUSAR), Hamburg, Germany."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Javad Navigation Systems (2021, September 01). Choke Ring Theory. Available online: http:\/\/www.javad.com\/jns\/index.html?\/jns\/technology\/Choke%20Ring%20Theory.html."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2008.2009655","article-title":"A Low-Multipath Wideband GPS Antenna With Cutoff or Non-Cutoff Corrugated Ground Plane","volume":"57","author":"Makarov","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/13\/22\/4614\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:31:14Z","timestamp":1760167874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/13\/22\/4614"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["rs13224614"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs13224614","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]}}}