{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T20:23:50Z","timestamp":1768681430826,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study proposes a method to detect ocean fronts from in situ temperature and density glider measurements. This method is applied to data collected along the CalCOFI Line 90, south of the California Current System (CCS), over the 2006\u20132013 period. It is based on image-processing techniques commonly applied to sea surface temperature (SST) satellite data. Front detection results using glider data are consistent with those obtained in other studies carried out in the CCS. SST images of the Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution (MUR) dataset were also used to compare the probability of occurrence or front frequency (FF) obtained with the two datasets. Glider and MUR temperatures are highly correlated. Along Line 90, frontal frequency exhibited the same maxima near the transition zone (~130 km offshore) as derived from MUR and glider datasets. However, marked differences were found in the bimonthly FF probability with high (low) front frequency in spring-summer for glider (MUR) data. Methodological differences explaining these contrasting results are investigated. Thermohaline-compensated fronts are more abundant towards the oceanic zone, although most fronts are detected using both temperature and density criteria, indicating a significant contribution of temperature to density in this region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13245032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T01:29:33Z","timestamp":1639358973000},"page":"5032","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ocean Front Detection with Glider and Satellite-Derived SST Data in the Southern California Current System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Frank C.","family":"Olaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada No. 3917, Zona Playitas, Ensenada 22860, Mexico"},{"name":"Alumni PhD Postgraduate Program in Coastal Oceanography, Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3290-8633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reginaldo","family":"Durazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada No. 3917, Zona Playitas, Ensenada 22860, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Oerder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Millennium Institute of Oceanography (IMO), University of Concepcion, P.O. Box 1313, Concepci\u00f3n-3, Concepci\u00f3n 4030000, Chile"},{"name":"Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Geograf\u00eda, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2988-0307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enric","family":"Pall\u00e0s-Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y de Educaci\u00f3n Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada 22860, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Joaquim P.","family":"Bento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Geograf\u00eda, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23459","DOI":"10.1029\/1999JC900133","article-title":"Satellite-derived sea surface temperature fronts on the continental shelf off the northeast US coast","volume":"104","author":"Ullman","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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