{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:13:26Z","timestamp":1783642406547,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"State Key Program of National Natural Science of China","award":["42130701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42130701"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42177309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42177309"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The gully erosion process is influenced by both natural conditions and human activities on the tableland region, the Chinese Loess Plateau, which is a densely populated agricultural area with unique topography. For the purpose of assessing long-term gully growth rates, the influencing factors and potential of gully growth, KH-4B satellite images, Quickbird-2 images, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images were used to assess gully erosion from 1969 to 2019. The effects of runoff, topography and human activities were analyzed with information derived from historical and present images. Ninety-five investigated gullies were classified into four types: 45 growing, 25 stable, 21 infilled and four excavated gullies. The rates (RA) of 45 growing gullies ranged from 0.50 to 20.94 m2\u00b7yr\u22121, with an average of 5.66 m2\u00b7yr\u22121 from 1969 to 2010. The present drainage area, local slope, average drainage slope, annual runoff, and ratio of the terraced area were all significantly different between the stable and growing gullies. The long-term gully growth rate could be estimated using a nonlinear regression model with annual runoff (Qa) and the slope of the drainage area (Sd) as predictors (RA = 0.301Qa0.562Sd, R2 = 0.530). Based on the Sg-A and Sg-Qa relationship that was used to reveal the threshold conditions for gully growth, all growing gullies still have the potential to keep growing, but soil and water conservation measures, including terraces, could change the threshold condition by reducing the effective drainage area. The results of this study could be helpful for preventing further gully erosion by dealing with gullies far above the threshold line.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13245053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T01:22:05Z","timestamp":1639444925000},"page":"5053","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Long-Term Gully Erosion and Its Response to Human Intervention in the Tableland Region of the Chinese Loess Plateau"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7989-3440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaxi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Forest Ecosystem Studies, National Observation and Research Station, Jixian 042200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4860-8085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Forest Ecosystem Studies, National Observation and Research Station, Jixian 042200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Forest Ecosystem Studies, National Observation and Research Station, Jixian 042200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangwu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Forest Ecosystem Studies, National Observation and Research Station, Jixian 042200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Forest Ecosystem Studies, National Observation and Research Station, Jixian 042200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0341-8162(02)00143-1","article-title":"Gully erosion and environmental change: Importance and research needs","volume":"50","author":"Poesen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Catena"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2005.06.001","article-title":"Gully erosion: Impacts, factors and control","volume":"63","author":"Valentin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Catena"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2016.07.009","article-title":"A century of gully erosion research: Urgency, complexity and study approaches","volume":"160","author":"Castillo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Earth-Sci. 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