{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:36:45Z","timestamp":1760236605494,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDA2006020202","XDA23090302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA2006020202","XDA23090302"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4217011346","41661144030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4217011346","41661144030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Evapotranspiration (ET) is essential for connecting ecosystems and directly affects the water consumption of forests, grasslands, and farmlands. Eight global remote sensing-based ET (RS_ET) datasets generated using satellite imagery and ground-based observations were comprehensively assessed using monthly ET time series simulated by the water balance (WB) method at the catchment scale in the Hengduan Mountain (HDM) region, including the Nu River, Lancang River, and Jinsha River basins. The complementary relationship (CR) model, which derives ET from meteorological data, was also evaluated against WB-based ET (WB_ET). In addition, WB_ET, RS_ET, and CR-based ET (CR_ET) data were used to investigate ET spatial and temporal variations at the catchment, grid, and site scale, respectively. Most RS_ET datasets accurately simulated monthly ET with an average index of agreement ranging from 0.71\u20130.91. The Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance dataset outperformed other RS_ET datasets, with Nash\u2013Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) and Kling\u2013Gupta efficiency values of 0.80 and 0.90, respectively. RS_ET datasets generally performed better in northern semiarid areas than in humid southern areas. The monthly ET simulation by the CR model was consistent with that of the WB_ET in the HDM region, with mean values of correlation coefficient (cc) and NSE at each site of 0.89 and 0.68, respectively. The model showed better performance in simulating monthly ET in the Lancang River Basin than in the Nu River and Lancang River basins, with mean cc and NSE of 0.92 and 0.83, respectively. Generally, annual ET trends were consistent at the catchment, grid, and site scale, as estimated by the WB method, RS_ET datasets, and CR model. It showed a significant decreasing trend in the northern semiarid region of the HDM while exhibiting an increasing trend in the humid southern region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13245096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T21:47:36Z","timestamp":1639604856000},"page":"5096","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluations of Remote Sensing-Based Global Evapotranspiration Datasets at Catchment Scale in Mountain Regions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yongshan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4556-6641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaofei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1128845","article-title":"Global hydrological cycles and world water resources","volume":"313","author":"Oki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1175\/2008BAMS2634.1","article-title":"Earth\u2019s global energy budget","volume":"90","author":"Trenberth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bull. 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