{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T11:34:13Z","timestamp":1768822453868,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61502055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61502055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Hunan Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["2016GK2003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016GK2003"]}]},{"name":"Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Province, China","award":["Grant No.16C0052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No.16C0052"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The track settlement has a great influence on the safe operation of high-speed trains. The existing track settlement measurement approach requires sophisticated or expensive equipments, and the real-time performance is limited. To address the issue, an ultra-high resolution track settlement detection method is proposed by using millimeter wave radar based on frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW). Firstly, by constructing the RCS statistical feature data set of multiple objects in the track settlement measurement environment, a directed acyclic graph-support vector machine (DAG-SVM) based method is designed to solve the problem of track recognition in multi-object scenes. Then, the adaptive chirp-z-transform (ACZT) algorithm is used to estimate the distance between the radar and the track surface, which realizes automatic real-time track settlement detection. An experimental platform has been constructed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the accuracy of track classification and identification is at least 95%, and the accuracy of track settlement measurement exceeds 0.5 mm, which completely meets the accuracy requirements of the railway system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14020294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T22:03:13Z","timestamp":1641852193000},"page":"294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Railway Track Recognition Based on Radar Cross-Section Statistical Characterization Using mmWave Radar"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1161-4759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuo","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jieqiong","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weirong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengfa","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soildyn.2018.03.028","article-title":"Dynamic Responses of Subgrade under Double-Line High-Speed Railway","volume":"110","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soil Dyn. 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