{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T10:31:14Z","timestamp":1775989874321,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000270","name":"Natural Environment Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NE\/P014100\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NE\/P014100\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000275","name":"Leverhulme Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1466NS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1466NS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000275","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Peatland surface motion is highly diagnostic of peatland condition. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) can measure this at the landscape scale but requires ground validation. This necessitates upscaling from point to areal measures (80 \u00d7 90 m) but is hampered by a lack of data regarding the spatial variability of peat surface motion characteristics. Using a nested precise leveling approach within two areas of upland and low-lying blanket peatland within the Flow Country, Scotland, we examine the multiscale variability of peat surface motion. We then compare this with InSAR timeseries data. We find that peat surface motion varies at multiple scales within blanket peatland with decreasing dynamism with height above the water table e.g., hummocks &lt; lawn &lt; hollows. This trend is dependent upon a number of factors including ecohydrology, pool size\/density, peat density, and slope. At the site scale motion can be grouped into central, marginal, and upland peatlands with each showing characteristic amplitude, peak timing, and response to climate events. Ground measurements which incorporate local variability show good comparability with satellite radar derived timeseries. However, current limitations of phase unwrapping in interferometry means that during an extreme drought\/event InSAR readings can only qualitatively replicate peat movement in the most dynamic parts of the peatland e.g., pool systems, quaking bog.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14020336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T09:10:36Z","timestamp":1641978636000},"page":"336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Multiscale Variability and the Comparison of Ground and Satellite Radar Based Measures of Peatland Surface Motion for Peatland Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2697-5394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Marshall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College, University of the Highlands and Islands, Castle Street, Thurso KW14 7JD, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2421-7066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henk Pieter","family":"Sterk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College, University of the Highlands and Islands, Castle Street, Thurso KW14 7JD, UK"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College, University of the Highlands and Islands, Castle Street, Thurso KW14 7JD, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7782-795X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxane","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College, University of the Highlands and Islands, Castle Street, Thurso KW14 7JD, UK"}]},{"given":"Andrew V.","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nottingham Geospatial Institute, Innovation Park, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Sowter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Terra Motion Limited, 11 Ingenuity Centre, Innovation Park, Jubilee Campus, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1168-6760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RG, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0559-8526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J.","family":"Large","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RG, UK"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2018JG004953","DOI":"10.1029\/2018JG004953","article-title":"Use of Surface Motion Characteristics Determined by InSAR to Assess Peatland Condition","volume":"125","author":"Alshammari","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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