{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T12:20:03Z","timestamp":1767183603287,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51621061","51679233"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51621061","51679233"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education","award":["B14002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B14002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plastic film mulching is an effective way to manage agricultural fields in water shortage areas. Through increasing the soil surface temperature at the early stage of crop growth and reducing the soil evaporation during the whole growth period, plastic film mulching can realize the effect of water saving and yield increase. This study examined the effects of plastic film mulching on crop yield and evapotranspiration (ET) in the Heihe River basin in Northwest China. By using remote sensing data, the gridding G-AquaCrop model was built to simulate the maize yield and ET in the basin under conditions of film mulching and no-film mulching. Through an analysis of changes in maize yield and ET before and after film mulching, suitable areas for film mulching in the whole basin were identified. Through comparative analysis, it was found that after plastic film mulching, maize yield in 12\u201341% of the Heihe River basin increased to a certain extent, reaching 8%. Furthermore, film mulching decreased ET by 5\u201330% in 34\u201341% of areas planted with maize. Based on these results, suggestions were made on suitable areas for expansion of maize cultivation to balance the benefits of water saving and production increase with environmental pollution. Furthermore, the way of assessing the suitable mulching area is obtained by examining the meteorological condition directly. The results of this study are of great significance for rational allocation of agricultural production resources and efficient utilization of agricultural water resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14030700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T20:38:40Z","timestamp":1644179920000},"page":"700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effects of Mulching on Maize Yield and Evapotranspiration in the Heihe River Basin, Northwest China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Qianxi","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Saving of the Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4245-5997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Saving of the Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0523-890X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bellie","family":"Sivakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Saving of the Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100083, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"529","article-title":"Effects of nitrogen management on the growth and yield of mulched and drip-irrigated maize in Northeast Black Soil Regions","volume":"45","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hydraul. Eng."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2012.10.004","article-title":"Effect of plastic sheet mulch, wheat straw mulch, and maize growth on water loss by evaporation in dryland areas of China","volume":"116","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16210","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16210","article-title":"Soil mulching significantly enhances yields and water and nitrogen use efficiencies of maize and wheat: A meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Qin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iswcr.2017.11.001","article-title":"Sustainable intensification of China\u2019s agroecosystems by conservation agriculture","volume":"6","author":"Lal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Soil Water Conserv. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2018.02.017","article-title":"Mulching improves yield and water-use efficiency of potato cropping in China: A meta-analysis","volume":"221","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Field Crop. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2019.105741","article-title":"Exploring optimal soil mulching to enhance yield and water use efficiency in maize cropping in China: A meta-analysis","volume":"225","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114096","article-title":"Agricultural plastic mulching as a source of microplastics in the terrestrial environment","volume":"260","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2016.05.007","article-title":"Improving agricultural water productivity to ensure food security in China under changing environment: From research to practice","volume":"179","author":"Kang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"771","article-title":"Study on China\u2019s Food Security and the \u201cThree Rural Issues\u201d","volume":"42","author":"Jiang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Shanxi Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2017.01.003","article-title":"Growing water scarcity, food security and government responses in China","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glob. Food Secur."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s13753-016-0083-8","article-title":"Spatiotemporal Variations of Meteorological Droughts in China During 1961\u20132014: An Investigation Based on Multi-Threshold Identification","volume":"7","author":"He","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Disaster Risk Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2017.05.019","article-title":"Spatial comparability of drought characteristics and related return periods in mainland China over 1961\u20132013","volume":"550","author":"Ayantobo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2019.124197","article-title":"Crop production in the Hexi Corridor challenged by future climate change","volume":"579","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2017.10.048","article-title":"Vulnerability analysis based on drought and vegetation dynamics","volume":"105","author":"Niu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"244","article-title":"Threshold of influence of water resources in the Heihe River valley, northwestern Gansu, China on the ecological environment variation of the lower reaches","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geol. Bull. China"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1006\/jare.2000.0715","article-title":"Quantifying landscape structure of the Heihe River Basin, north-west China using FRAGSTATS","volume":"48","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Arid Environ."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.7952","article-title":"Development of a three-dimensional watershed modelling system for water cycle in the middle part of the Heihe rivershed, in the west of China","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2013.06.002","article-title":"Cucumber (Cucumis sativus, L.) water use efficiency (WUE) under plastic mulch and drip irrigation","volume":"128","author":"Yaghi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"091001","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/9\/9\/091001","article-title":"\u2018White revolution\u2019 to \u2018white pollution\u2019\u2014agricultural plastic film mulch in China","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2016.10.011","article-title":"Residual plastic mulch fragments effects on soil physical properties and water flow behavior in the Minqin Oasis, northwestern China","volume":"166","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.09.105","article-title":"Effects of plastic mulching and plastic residue on agricultural production: A meta-analysis","volume":"651","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Rockstr\u00f6m, J. (1995). Biomass production in dry tropical zones: How to increase water productivity. Land and Water Integration and River Basin Management, FAO."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kijne, J.W., Barker, R., and Molden, D. (2003). Water Productivity in Agriculture: Limits and Opportunities for Improvement, CAB International.","DOI":"10.1079\/9780851996691.0000"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2018.07.015","article-title":"Water productivity under strategic growth stage-based deficit irrigation in maize","volume":"212","author":"Comas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2008.0139s","article-title":"AquaCrop\u2014The FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water: I. Concepts and underlying principles","volume":"101","author":"Steduto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Agron. J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2008.0140s","article-title":"AquaCrop\u2014The FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water: II. Main algorithms and software description","volume":"101","author":"Raes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Agron. J."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2008.0218s","article-title":"AquaCrop\u2014The FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water: III. Parameterization and testing for maize","volume":"101","author":"Hsiao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Agron. J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-2743.1989.tb00755.x","article-title":"WOFOST: A simulation model of crop production","volume":"5","author":"Wolf","year":"1989","journal-title":"Soil Use Manag."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Sharpley, A.N., and Williams, J.R. (1990). EPIC-Erosion\/Productivity Impact Calculator: 1. Model Documentation, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S1161-0301(02)00107-7","article-title":"The DSSAT cropping system model","volume":"18","author":"Jones","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Agron."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S1161-0301(02)00108-9","article-title":"An overview of APSIM, a model designed for farming systems simulation","volume":"18","author":"Keating","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Agron."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-521X(03)00037-4","article-title":"Simulation of winter wheat yield and water use efficiency in the Loess Plateau of China using WAVES","volume":"78","author":"Kang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Agric. Syst."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agsy.2016.11.001","article-title":"Performance of AquaCrop and SIMDualKc models in evapotranspiration partitioning on full and deficit irrigated maize for seed production under plastic film-mulch in an arid region of China","volume":"151","author":"Ran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Agric. Syst."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2011.10.013","article-title":"Implementing the dual crop coefficient approach in interactive software. 1. Background and computational strategy","volume":"103","author":"Rosa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shen, Q., Ding, R., Du, T., Tong, L., and Li, S. (2019). Water Use Effectiveness Is Enhanced Using Film Mulch Through Increasing Transpiration and Decreasing Evapotranspiration. Water, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/w11061153"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agsy.2017.01.019","article-title":"Modelling the impacts of pests and diseases on agricultural systems","volume":"155","author":"Donatelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Agric. Syst."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s40710-014-0052-4","article-title":"Early Estimation of Drought Impacts on Rainfed Wheat Yield in Mediterranean Climate","volume":"2","author":"Tigkas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Process."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s11269-018-2087-1","article-title":"Irrigation Scheduling Optimization for Cotton Based on the AquaCrop Model","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Resour. Manag."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"444","article-title":"Advances of the coupling application of remote sensing information and crop growth model","volume":"24","author":"Xing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"1","article-title":"A review and outlook of applying remote sensing to precision agriculture","volume":"90","author":"Meng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Land Resour."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"295","article-title":"Methods for integration of remote sensing data and crop model and their prospects in agricultural application","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans. Chin. Soc. Agric. Eng."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2019.105846","article-title":"Estimation of maize yield by assimilating biomass and canopy cover derived from hyperspectral data into the AquaCrop model","volume":"227","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2005.09.007","article-title":"Spatio\u2013temporal distribution of rice phenology and cropping systems in the Mekong Delta with special reference to the seasonal water flow of the Mekong and Bassac rivers","volume":"100","author":"Sakamoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2013.05.010","article-title":"AquaData and AquaGIS: Two computer utilities for temporal and spatial simulations of water-limited yield with AquaCrop","volume":"96","author":"Lorite","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comput. Electron. Agric."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2019.03.035","article-title":"Spatially distributed crop model based on remote sensing","volume":"218","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2020.106288","article-title":"Novel approach of upscaling the FAO AquaCrop model into regional scale by using distributed crop parameters derived from remote sensing data","volume":"240","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"947","article-title":"Distribution and evolution of water chemistry in Heihe River basin","volume":"45","author":"Feng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"83","article-title":"Characteristics and Tendencies of Annual Runoff Variations in the Heihe River Basin during the Past 60 years","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sci. Geogr. Sin."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"104","article-title":"The Ecological Water Dispatching in the Heihe River from 2000 to 2004","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Arid. Land Res. Environ."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"1404","article-title":"Improvement and Applications of SWAT Model in the Upper-middle Heihe River Basin","volume":"28","author":"Lai","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nat. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2018.06.062","article-title":"The response of crop water productivity to climatic variation in the upper-middle reaches of the Heihe River basin, Northwest China","volume":"563","author":"Niu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"ref_52","unstructured":"Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D., and Smith, M. (1998). Crop Evapotranspiration\u2013Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56, FAO."},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Zhang, G., and Song, X. (2017). Digital Soil Mapping Dataset of Soil Texture in the Heihe River Basin (2012\u20132014), National Tibetan Plateau Data Center."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Zhang, G., and Song, X. (2017). Digital Soil Mapping Dataset of Hydrological Parameters in the Heihe River Basin (2012), National Tibetan Plateau Data Center."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2011.10.011","article-title":"Winter wheat area estimation from MODIS-EVI time series data using the Crop Proportion Phenology Index","volume":"119","author":"Pan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"188","article-title":"Mapping crop phenology using NDVI time-series derived from HJ-1 A\/B data","volume":"34","author":"Pan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"190","article-title":"Estimating inter-annual variability in winter wheat sowing dates from satellite time series in Camargue, France","volume":"57","author":"Manfron","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"175","article-title":"Monitoring vegetation dynamics with medium resolution MODIS-EVI time series at sub-regional scale in southern Africa","volume":"38","author":"Dubovyk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3390\/rs6010135","article-title":"A Phenology-Based Classification of Time-Series MODIS Data for Rice Crop Monitoring in Mekong Delta, Vietnam","volume":"6","author":"Son","year":"2013","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s12524-013-0266-3","article-title":"Extracting Regional Pattern of Wheat Sowing Dates Using Multispectral and High Temporal Observations from Indian Geostationary Satellite","volume":"41","author":"Vyas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Indian Soc. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_61","unstructured":"Kang, S.Z. (2019). Multi-Process Coupling and Efficient Water Use Regulation of Agricultural Water Conversion in Oasis in Arid of Northwest China, Science Press."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3800(88)90031-2","article-title":"Use of remotely-sensed information in agricultural crop growth models","volume":"41","author":"Maas","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20403","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GL031620","article-title":"An evaluation of MODIS 250-m data for green LAI estimation in crops","volume":"34","author":"Gitelson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s11430-012-4473-5","article-title":"Long-term variability of the carbon balance in a large irrigated area along the lower Yellow River from 1984 to 2006","volume":"56","author":"Lei","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. China Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_65","unstructured":"Kennedy, J., and Eberhart, R. (December, January 27). Particle swarm optimization. Proceedings of the International Conference on Neural Networks (ICNN 95), Perth, WA, Australia."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2021.02.053","article-title":"Directed particle swarm optimization with Gaussian-process-based function forecasting","volume":"295","author":"Jakubik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_67","unstructured":"Zhang, Z. (2012). Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Seed Maize. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Gansu Agricultural University]. (In Chinese)."},{"key":"ref_68","unstructured":"Jiang, Y. (2017). Simulation Analysis and Optimal Regulation for Agro-Hydrological Processes and Water Use Efficiency on Multiple Scales of the Middle Heihe River Basin. [Ph.D. Thesis, China Agricultural University]. (In Chinese)."},{"key":"ref_69","first-page":"16","article-title":"Several key links of maize seed production","volume":"5","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nongcun Shiyong Keji Xinxi"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2021.107218","article-title":"How does plastic film mulching affect crop water productivity in an arid river basin?","volume":"258","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9030265","article-title":"Selecting appropriate spatial scale for mapping plastic-mulched farmland with satellite remote sensing imagery","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_72","unstructured":"Wang, H.H. (2007). Study on the Polarized Reflectance Characteristics of Agricultural Thin Membrane. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Northeast Normal University]. (In Chinese)."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4548","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2014.2327226","article-title":"A Decision-Tree Classifier for Extracting Transparent Plastic-Mulched Landcover from Landsat-5 TM Images","volume":"7","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"097094","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JRS.9.097094","article-title":"Threshold model for detecting transparent plastic-mulched landcover using moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer time series data: A case study in southern Xinjiang, China","volume":"9","author":"Lu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Remote Sens."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/14\/3\/700\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:12:55Z","timestamp":1760134375000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/14\/3\/700"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["rs14030700"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs14030700","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-4292"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]}}}