{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T01:59:59Z","timestamp":1772848799188,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]],"date-time":"2022-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014\/22262-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/22262-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\/26176-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/26176-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\/04306-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/04306-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although many Soil Spectral Libraries (SSLs) have been created globally, these libraries still have not been operationalized for end-users. To address this limitation, this study created an online Brazilian Soil Spectral Service (BraSpecS). The system was based on the Brazilian Soil Spectral Library (BSSL) with samples collected in the Visible\u2013Near\u2013Short-wave infrared (vis\u2013NIR\u2013SWIR) and Mid-infrared (MIR) ranges. The interactive platform allows users to find spectra, act as custodians of the data, and estimate several soil properties and classification. The system was tested by 500 Brazilian and 65 international users. Users accessed the platform (besbbr.com.br), uploaded their spectra, and received soil organic carbon (SOC) and clay content prediction results via email. The BraSpecS prediction provided good results for Brazilian data, but performed variably for other countries. Prediction for countries outside of Brazil using local spectra (External Country Soil Spectral Libraries, ExCSSL) mostly showed greater performance than BraSpecS. Clay R2 ranged from 0.5 (BraSpecS) to 0.8 (ExCSSL) in vis\u2013NIR\u2013SWIR, but BraSpecS MIR models were more accurate in most situations. The development of external models based on the fusion of local samples with BSSL formed the Global Soil Spectral Library (GSSL). The GSSL models improved soil properties prediction for different countries. Nevertheless, the proposed system needs to be continually updated with new spectra so they can be applied broadly. Accordingly, the online system is dynamic, users can contribute their data and the models will adapt to local information. Our community-driven web platform allows users to predict soil attributes without learning soil spectral modeling, which will invite end-users to utilize this powerful technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14030740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T20:38:40Z","timestamp":1644179920000},"page":"740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The Brazilian Soil Spectral Service (BraSpecS): A User-Friendly System for Global Soil Spectra Communication"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5328-0323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 A. M.","family":"Dematt\u00ea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, P\u00e1dua Dias Avenue, 11, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8075-0914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ariane Francine da Silveira","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, P\u00e1dua Dias Avenue, 11, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1628-4154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul Roberto","family":"Poppiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, P\u00e1dua Dias Avenue, 11, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3439-4701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00edcolas Augusto","family":"Rosin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, P\u00e1dua Dias Avenue, 11, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3800-6902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Fernando Chimelo","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, P\u00e1dua Dias Avenue, 11, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Fellipe Alcantara de Oliveira","family":"Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, P\u00e1dua Dias Avenue, 11, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1182-2371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Budiman","family":"Minasny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9023-1720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabine","family":"Grunwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, 2181 McCarty Hall, P.O. Box 110290, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6757-3530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eyal","family":"Ben Dor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Porter School of Environmental and Earth Science, Faculty of Exact Science, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4419-5463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asa","family":"Gholizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2986-430X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecile","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Etude des Interactions entre Sol-Agrosyst\u00e8me-Hydrosyst\u00e8me, University of Montpellier, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Research for Development, Montpellier SupAgro, 34060 Montpellier, France"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Chabrillat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmholtz Center Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Soil Science, Germany Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenh\u00e4user Stra\u00dfe 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3770-7793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Francos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Porter School of Environmental and Earth Science, Faculty of Exact Science, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}]},{"given":"Shamsollah","family":"Ayoubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran"}]},{"given":"Dian","family":"Fiantis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas, Padang 25163, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4735-9868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James Kobina Mensah","family":"Biney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"Changkun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9425-1430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelaziz","family":"Belal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture Application, Soil and Marine Division, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), Alfmaskan, Cairo P.O. Box 1564, Egypt"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3390-9918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salman","family":"Naimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran"}]},{"given":"Najmeh Asgari","family":"Hafshejani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran"}]},{"given":"Henrique","family":"Bellinaso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, P\u00e1dua Dias Avenue, 11, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Jean Michel","family":"Moura-Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, University of Cruz Alta, Highway Jacob Della M\u00e9a, km 5.6, Cruz Alta 98005-972, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6021-2759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00e9lida E. 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