{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T14:33:28Z","timestamp":1775226808966,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61801353,61971273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61801353,61971273"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Key Research and Development Program in Shaanxi Province of China","award":["2021GY-032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021GY-032"]}]},{"name":"GHfund B","award":["202107020822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202107020822"]}]},{"name":"the Project Supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project","award":["2018M633474"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018M633474"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Deep learning (DL) is widely applied in the field of hyperspectral image (HSI) classification and has proved to be an extremely promising research technique. However, the deployment of DL-based HSI classification algorithms in mobile and embedded vision applications tends to be limited by massive parameters, high memory costs, and the complex networks of DL models. In this article, we propose a novel, extremely lightweight, non-deep parallel network (HyperLiteNet) to address these issues. Based on the development trends of hardware devices, the proposed HyperLiteNet replaces the deep network by the parallel structure in terms of fewer sequential computations and lower latency. The parallel structure can extract and optimize the diverse and divergent spatial and spectral features independently. Meanwhile, an elaborately designed feature-interaction module is constructed to acquire and fuse generalized abstract spectral and spatial features in different parallel layers. The lightweight dynamic convolution further compresses the memory of the network to realize flexible spatial feature extraction. Experiments on several real HSI datasets confirm that the proposed HyperLiteNet can efficiently decrease the number of parameters and the execution time as well as achieve better classification performance compared to several recent state-of-the-art algorithms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14040866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]],"date-time":"2022-02-13T20:34:45Z","timestamp":1644784485000},"page":"866","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["HyperLiteNet: Extremely Lightweight Non-Deep Parallel Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6704-1198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding of Ministry of Education of China, School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, No. 2 South TaiBai Road, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}]},{"given":"Runhu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding of Ministry of Education of China, School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, No. 2 South TaiBai Road, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}]},{"given":"Siying","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding of Ministry of Education of China, School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, No. 2 South TaiBai Road, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}]},{"given":"Linhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding of Ministry of Education of China, School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, No. 2 South TaiBai Road, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}]},{"given":"Zhao","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an 710062, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0610-0005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding of Ministry of Education of China, School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, No. 2 South TaiBai Road, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"70","article-title":"Spectral\u2013spatial classification of hyperspectral data via morphological component analysis-based image separation","volume":"53","author":"Xue","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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