{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:55:03Z","timestamp":1760151303778,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,20]],"date-time":"2022-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale","award":["F82F17000000005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F82F17000000005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The growing need for sustainable management approaches of crops and bare soils requires measurements at a multiple scale (space and time) field system level, which have become increasingly accurate. In this context, proximal and satellite remote sensing data cooperation seems good practice for the present and future. The primary purpose of this work is the development of a sound protocol based on a statistical comparison between Copernicus Sentinel-2 MIS satellite data and a multispectral sensor mounted on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), featuring spectral deployment identical to Sentinel-2. The experimental dataset, based on simultaneously acquired proximal and Sentinel-2 data, concerns an agricultural field in Pisa (Tuscany), cultivated with corn. To understand how the two systems, comparable but quite different in terms of spatial resolution and atmosphere impacts, can effectively cooperate to create a value-added product, statistical tests were applied on bands and the derived Vegetation and Soil index. Overall, as expected, due to the mentioned impacts, the outcomes show a heterogeneous behavior with a difference between the coincident bands as well for the derived indices, modulated in the same manner by the phenological status (e.g., during the canopy developments) or by vegetation absence. Instead, similar behavior between two sensors occurred during the maturity phase of crop plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14041028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T08:34:47Z","timestamp":1645432487000},"page":"1028","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sentinel-2 Data and Unmanned Aerial System Products to Support Crop and Bare Soil Monitoring: Methodology Based on a Statistical Comparison between Remote Sensing Data with Identical Spectral Bands"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6158-2727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Dubbini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of History and Cultures (DiSCi)-Geography Section, University of Bologna, Via Guerrazzi 20, 40125 Bologna, Italy"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Palumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of History and Cultures (DiSCi)-Geography Section, University of Bologna, Via Guerrazzi 20, 40125 Bologna, Italy"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"De Giglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of History and Cultures (DiSCi)-Geography Section, University of Bologna, Via Guerrazzi 20, 40125 Bologna, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4119-5484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Zucca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DSTA), University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3917-0440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Barbarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2450-6375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Tornato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Rome, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate2437","article-title":"Climate-smart agriculture for food security","volume":"4","author":"Lipper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. 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