{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T16:49:28Z","timestamp":1770742168501,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004820","name":"Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Wildlife Division"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Wildlife Division"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004820","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Many remote sensing studies have individually addressed afforestation, forest disturbance and forest regeneration, and considered land use history. However, no single study has simultaneously addressed all of these components that collectively constitute successional stages and pathways of young forest and shrubland at large spatial extents. Our goal was to develop a multi-source, object-based approach that utilized the strengths of Landsat (large spatial extent with good temporal coverage), LiDAR (vegetation height and vertical structure), and aerial imagery (high resolution) to map young forest and shrubland vegetation in a temperate forest. Further, we defined young forest and shrubland vegetation types in terms of vegetation height and structure, to better distinguish them in remote sensing for ecological studies. The multi-source, object-based approach provided an area-adjusted estimate of 42,945 ha of young forest and shrubland vegetation in Connecticut with overall map accuracy of 88.2% (95% CI 2.3%), of which 20,953 ha occurred in complexes \u22652 ha in size. Young forest and shrubland vegetation constituted 3.3% of Connecticut\u2019s total land cover and 6.3% of forest cover as of 2018. Although the 2018 estimates are consistent with those of the past 20 years, concerted efforts are needed to restore, maintain, or manage young forest and shrubland vegetation in Connecticut.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14051091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:53:26Z","timestamp":1645664006000},"page":"1091","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["An Object-Based Approach to Map Young Forest and Shrubland Vegetation Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5897-0590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chadwick D.","family":"Rittenhouse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife and Fisheries Conservation Center, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Road, Unit 4087, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}]},{"given":"Elana H.","family":"Berlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Road, Unit 4087, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel","family":"Mikle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Road, Unit 4087, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7627-708X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shi","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Road, Unit 4087, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}]},{"given":"Dustin","family":"Riordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Road, Unit 4087, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8283-6407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhe","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Road, Unit 4087, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (2020). 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