{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T10:51:26Z","timestamp":1782903086518,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sustainable forest management requires information on the spatial distribution, composition, and structure of forests. However, jurisdictions with large tracts of noncommercial forest, such as the Northwest Territories (NWT) of Canada, often lack detailed forest information across their land base. The goal of the Multisource Vegetation Inventory (MVI) project was to create a large area forest inventory (FI) map that could support strategic forest management in the NWT using optical, radar, and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) satellite remote sensing anchored on limited field plots and airborne LiDAR data. A new landcover map based on Landsat imagery was the first step to stratify forestland into broad forest types. A modelling chain linking FI plots to airborne and spaceborne LiDAR was then developed to circumvent the scarcity of field data in the region. The developed models allowed the estimation of forest attributes in thousands of surrogate FI plots corresponding to spaceborne LiDAR footprints distributed across the project area. The surrogate plots were used as a reference dataset for estimating each forest attribute in each 30 m forest cell within the project area. The estimation was based on the k-nearest neighbour (k-NN) algorithm, where the selection of the four most similar surrogate FI plots to each cell was based on satellite, topographic, and climatic data. Wall-to-wall 30 m raster maps of broad forest type, stand height, crown closure, stand volume, total volume, aboveground biomass, and stand age were created for a ~400,000 km2 area, validated with independent data, and generalized into a polygon GIS layer resembling a traditional FI map. The MVI project showed that a reasonably accurate FI map for large, remote, predominantly non-inventoried boreal regions can be obtained at a low cost by combining limited field data with remote sensing data from multiple sources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14051108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T21:11:07Z","timestamp":1645737067000},"page":"1108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The Multisource Vegetation Inventory (MVI): A Satellite-Based Forest Inventory for the Northwest Territories Taiga Plains"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6803-3816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo","family":"Castilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 5320 122 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7587-2140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald J.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 5320 122 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob","family":"Skakun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 5320 122 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9942-2390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Filiatrault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 5320 122 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Beaudoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laurentian Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 1055 du P.E.P.S., P.O. Box 10380, Stn. Sainte-Foy, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1V 4C7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gartrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 5320 122 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Management Division, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of Northwest Territories, P.O. Box 4354, Hay River, NT X0E 1G3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Groenewegen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Management Division, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of Northwest Territories, P.O. Box 4354, Hay River, NT X0E 1G3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3998-4778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Hopkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, 401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9244-1756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jurjen","family":"van der Sluijs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NWT Centre for Geomatics, Government of Northwest Territories, P.O. Box 1320, Yellowknife, NT X1A 2L9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Gillis, M.D., and Leckie, D.G. (1993). Forest Inventory Mapping Procedures across Canada; Forestry Canada Information Rep. 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