{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T08:01:40Z","timestamp":1768291300680,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61801344 61801347 62001350"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61801344 61801347 62001350"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016M602775 2017M613076 2020M673346"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016M602775 2017M613076 2020M673346"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China","award":["2020JQ-312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020JQ-312"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>For a slowly rotating space target (SRST) with a fixed axis, traditional 3D geometry reconstruction methods become invalid as the projection vectors cannot be formed without accurate target rotational parameters. To tackle this problem, we present a new technique for 3D geometry reconstruction by using inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) image sequence energy accumulation (ISEA). Firstly, by constituting the motion model of SRST, an explicit expression is derived to describe the relative geometric relationship between the 3D geometry and ISAR image sequence. Then accurate rotational parameters and the 3D geometry of SRST can be estimated by combining the idea of the ISEA method and quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO). Compared with the ISEA method, which can be only applied to triaxial stabilized space targets, the proposed method can achieve 3D geometry reconstruction of SRST. Experimental results based on the simulated point model and simulated electromagnetic computer aided design (CAD) model validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14051144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]],"date-time":"2022-02-27T20:48:33Z","timestamp":1645994913000},"page":"1144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Three-Dimensional Geometry Reconstruction Method for Slowly Rotating Space Targets Utilizing ISAR Image Sequence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7431-9370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zuobang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of the Education Ministry of China, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of the Education Ministry of China, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}]},{"given":"Rongzhen","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of the Education Ministry of China, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of the Education Ministry of China, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anger, S., Jirousek, M., Dill, S., and Peichl, M. 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