{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T17:45:14Z","timestamp":1767980714831,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]],"date-time":"2022-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research Program of China &quot;Collaborative Precision Positioning Project&quot;","award":["2016YFB0501900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFB0501900"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42174222, 41904165, 62101219, 41804019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42174222, 41904165, 62101219, 41804019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics self-deployment project","award":["S21L6101, S21L8101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S21L6101, S21L8101"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003819","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017CFB372"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017CFB372"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003819","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20210921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20210921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018J01480"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018J01480"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>High-precision orbits of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are essential for many scientific applications, such as assessing the change in current global mean sea level, estimating the coefficients of gravity field, and so on. How to determinate the high-precision orbits for LEO satellites has gradually become an important research focus. HY2D is a new altimetry satellite of China, which is equipped with a Global Positioning System (GPS) and the third generations of the BeiDou Global Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) in order to guarantee the reliability of orbital precision in radar altimetry mission. Therefore, this study adopts one month of spaceborne data to conduct the research of precise orbit determination (POD) for the HY2D satellite. Our analysis results are: (1) The standard deviation of residuals for the HY2D satellite based on spaceborne BDS and GPS data are 9.12 mm and 8.53 mm, respectively, and there are no significant systematic errors in these residuals. (2) The comparison results with Doppler Orbitography and Radio-positioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS)-derived orbits indicate that the HY2D satellite, using spaceborne BDS and GPS data, can achieve the radial accuracy of 1.4~1.5 cm, and the mean three-dimensional (3D) accuracy are 5.3 cm and 4.3 cm, respectively, which can satisfy high-precision altimetry applications. (3) By means of satellite laser ranging (SLR), the accuracy of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-derived orbits of HY2D is approximately 3.3 cm, which reflects that the model strategies are reliable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14061390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]],"date-time":"2022-03-13T21:44:17Z","timestamp":1647207857000},"page":"1390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Analysis of Precise Orbit Determination for the HY2D Satellite Using Onboard GPS\/BDS Observations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hailong","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Satellite Ocean Application Service, No. 8 Dahuisi Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application, MNR, No. 8 Dahuisi Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9296-949X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chongchong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 340 Xudong Road, Wuhan 430077, China"},{"name":"National Geodetic Observatory, Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 340 Xudong Road, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiming","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 340 Xudong Road, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bibo","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 340 Xudong Road, Wuhan 430077, China"},{"name":"National Geodetic Observatory, Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 340 Xudong Road, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuhua","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haoming","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 340 Xudong Road, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 340 Xudong Road, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinyang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 340 Xudong Road, Wuhan 430077, China"},{"name":"College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengcheng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography, Geomatic and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101 Shanghai Road, Tongshan District, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Runjing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Information Engineering, Xiamen Institute of Technology, No. 600 Ligong Road, Jimei District, Xiamen 361024, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1080\/01490419.2010.488966","article-title":"Precision Orbit Determination Standards for the Jason Series of Altimeter Missions","volume":"33","author":"Cerri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar. 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