{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:56:41Z","timestamp":1760151401522,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"High-Resolution Earth Observation System Major Project","award":["42-Y30B04-9001-19\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42-Y30B04-9001-19\/21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Gaofen-7 (GF-7) satellite uses a two-beam laser altimetry system in which each beam is equipped with a laser footprint camera (LFC) to provide geometric processing of the laser footprint images that assist in optical image stereo mapping. Because of the violent vibrations during launch and the difference in the environment before and after entering orbit, the key parameters for geometric processing of the laser footprint images may change, which will cause large geolocation errors. Therefore, it is essential to carry out on-orbit calibration and validation for the laser footprint cameras. This study first constructs a rigorous geometric positioning model for the LFC of the GF-7 satellite and analyses various error sources that affect the geometric positioning accuracy of laser footprint images. Then, a comprehensive calibration method, which effectively eliminates the distortion of the LFC optical system, and the positioning error caused by the long-period jitter of the satellite platform, is proposed based on the multi-scene images combined with image simulation. The proposed method can effectively eliminate various errors that affect the geometric positioning accuracy of the GF-7 laser footprint image. The internal geometric positioning accuracy of the calibrated LFC is better than 0.7 pixels, and the absolute geometric positioning accuracy is within 6.0 m after using precise post-processing orbital and attitude data. Our study will contribute to the processing and application of laser altimetry data from the GF-7 satellite.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14061408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T02:56:20Z","timestamp":1647312980000},"page":"1408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["On-Orbit Geometric Calibration and Accuracy Validation for Laser Footprint Cameras of GF-7 Satellite"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1062-5621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100048, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100048, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinming","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8208-5228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liuru","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Topographic Surveying Brigade of Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianhui","family":"Dou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100048, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1029\/2005GL024009","article-title":"Overview of the ICESat mission","volume":"32","author":"Schutz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geophys. 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