{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T12:29:27Z","timestamp":1763728167935,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]],"date-time":"2022-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2020YFD1100203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFD1100203"]}]},{"name":"Qinghai Province Science and Technology Planning Project","award":["2019-HZ-801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-HZ-801"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An accurate assessment of the stocking rate is crucial for maintaining the stable function and the sustainable use of the alpine grassland ecosystem. A new scenario design method to evaluate the reasonable stocking rate is presented in the current work. First, climate change is quantified by potential net primary productivity (NPPp) and measured by adopting the Zhou Guangsheng model, and the NPP generated by anthropogenic activities (NPPh) is estimated by the distinction between NPPp and actual NPP (NPPa) calculated with the application of the Carnegie\u2013Ames\u2013Stanford Approach (CASA) model. Second, using the NPPh and actual grassland productivity consumed by livestock (NPPac), the reasonable stocking rate is obtained. Finally, the driving factors of NPP change in alpine grassland and the reasonable stocking rate are clarified in Qinghai Province during 2005\u20132018. The results reveal that the temperature of alpine grassland in Qinghai Province has a slight upward trend from 2005 to 2018, and precipitation displays a downward trend. The overall NPPp of alpine grassland demonstrated a downward trend, and precipitation is regarded as the major influencing factor. In addition, the overall NPPh of alpine grassland exhibited a downward trend. The NPPa demonstrated an overall upward trend, where 58.32% of the regional NPPa is in a state of growth, and 41.68% of the regional NPPa is in a state of degradation. According to contribution analysis, anthropogenic activities provided the primary driving factor to promote the restoration of alpine grassland in Qinghai Province. Moreover, the stocking rate must be reduced in 60.77% of the alpine grasslands in Qinghai Province, mostly situated in the eastern and southwestern parts of Qinghai Province, and the other areas must not increase future stocking rates. The current study can theoretically and technically support the construction of Qinghai as the green organic agricultural and livestock product demonstration province and the creation of an ecological civilization highland.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14061455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,20]],"date-time":"2022-03-20T21:37:17Z","timestamp":1647812237000},"page":"1455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evaluation of Reasonable Stocking Rate Based on the Relative Contribution of Climate Change and Grazing Activities to the Productivity of Alpine Grasslands in Qinghai Province"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5334-2202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yueming","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"},{"name":"College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China"},{"name":"South China Academy of Natural Resources Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China"},{"name":"South China Academy of Natural Resources Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1942-931X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4807-5012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shihua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liya","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Resources Comprehensive Investigation and Monitoring Institute of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyun","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1030","article-title":"Study on the characteristics of sandy alpine grasslands and its relationship between plant distribution and microtopography in the source regions of Yangtze River","volume":"39","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Ecol. 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