{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T06:03:49Z","timestamp":1773727429001,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"GoAmazon project","award":["2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013"]}]},{"name":"PORTARIA N\u00ba 2016\/REIT - CGAB\/IFRO, DE 11 Oct. 2017","award":["2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Long-term meteorological analyzes suggest an increase in air temperature and a decrease in rainfall over the Amazon biome. The effect of these climate changes on the forest remains unresolved, because field observations on functional traits are sparse in time and space, and the results from remote sensing analyses are divergent. Then, we analyzed the drought response in a \u2018terra firme\u2019 forest fragment in the southwestern Amazonia, during an extreme drought event influenced by ENSO episode (2015\/2017), focusing on stem growth, litter production, functional traits and forest canopy dynamics. We use the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), corrected by Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) to generate the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and green chromatic coordinate (Gcc) vegetation indices. We monitor stem growth and measure the functional traits of trees in situ, such as the potential at which the plant loses 50% of hydraulic conductivity (P50), turgor loss point (\u03c0TLP), hydraulic safety margin (HSM) and isohydricity. Our results suggest that: (a) during the dry season, there is a smooth reduction in EVI values (browning) and an increase in the wet season (greening); (b) in the dry season, leaf flush occurs, when the water table still has a quota at the limit of the root zone; (c) the forest showed moderate resistance to drought, with water as the primary limiting factor, and the thickest trees were the most resistant; and (d) a decline in stem growth post-El-Ni\u00f1o 2015\/2016 was observed, suggesting that the persistence of negative rainfall anomalies may be as critical to the forest as the drought episode itself.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14071733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T05:50:43Z","timestamp":1649051443000},"page":"1733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Assessing Drought Response in the Southwestern Amazon Forest by Remote Sensing and In Situ Measurements"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1408-4826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranieli Dos Anjos De","family":"Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Research Group (GREES), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondonia State (IFRO), Colorado do Oeste 76993-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Doctoral Program in Remote Sensing (PGSER), National Institute for Space Research, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 12227-010, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1318-7930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valdir","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Research Group (GREES), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondonia State (IFRO), Colorado do Oeste 76993-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Rennan Andres","family":"Paloschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Program in Remote Sensing (PGSER), National Institute for Space Research, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 12227-010, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Renata Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Rondonia (UNIR), Ji-Paran\u00e1 76900-726, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Alberto Dresch","family":"Webler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Rondonia (UNIR), Ji-Paran\u00e1 76900-726, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Laura De Simone","family":"Borma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth System Science Center (CCST), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 12227-010, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1192666","article-title":"Drought-induced reduction in global terrestrial net primary production from 2000 through 2009","volume":"329","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.2006.01120.x","article-title":"The regional variation of aboveground live biomass in old-growth Amazonian forests","volume":"12","author":"Malhi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Glob. 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