{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T23:22:27Z","timestamp":1763767347868,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003981","name":"Agenzia Spaziale Italiana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-5-HH.0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-5-HH.0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003981","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In March 2019, the PRISMA (PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa) hyperspectral satellite was launched by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), and it is currently operational on a global basis. The mission includes the hyperspectral imager PRISMA working in the 400\u20132500 nm spectral range with 237 bands and a panchromatic (PAN) camera (400\u2013750 nm). This paper presents an evaluation of the PRISMA top-of-atmosphere (TOA) L1 products using different in situ measurements acquired over a fragmented rural area in Southern Italy (Pignola) between October 2019 and July 2021. L1 radiance values were compared with the TOA radiances simulated with a radiative transfer code configured using measurements of the atmospheric profile and the surface spectral characteristics. The L2 reflectance products were also compared with the data obtained by using the ImACor code atmospheric correction tool. A preliminary assessment to identify PRISMA noise characteristics was also conducted. The results showed that: (i) the PRISMA performance, as measured at the Pignola site over different seasons, is characterized by relative mean absolute differences (RMAD) of about 5\u20137% up to 1800 nm, while a decrease in accuracy was observed in the SWIR; (ii) a coherent noise could be observed in all the analyzed images below the 630th scan line, with a frequency of about 0.3\u20130.4 cycles\/pixel; (iii) the most recent version of the standard reflectance L2 product (i.e., Version 2.05) matched well the reflectance values obtained by using the ImACor atmospheric correction tool. All these preliminary results confirm that PRISMA imagery is suitable for an accurate retrieval of the bio-geochemical variables pertaining to a complex fragmented ecosystem such as that of the Southern Apennines. Further studies are needed to confirm and monitor PRISMA data performance on different land-cover areas and on the Radiometric Calibration Network (RadCalNet) targets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14091985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T03:46:11Z","timestamp":1650512771000},"page":"1985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["PRISMA L1 and L2 Performances within the PRISCAV Project: The Pignola Test Site in Southern Italy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0587-8926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Pignatti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), National Council of Research (CNR), C. da S. Loja, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5722-3430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldo","family":"Amodeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), National Council of Research (CNR), C. da S. Loja, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4570-1690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Francesca","family":"Carfora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo \u201cM. Picone\u201d, Italian National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3091-7680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele","family":"Casa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural and Forestry scieNcEs (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4157-0838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Mona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), National Council of Research (CNR), C. da S. Loja, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1746-0057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Palombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), National Council of Research (CNR), C. da S. Loja, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8311-8615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Pascucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), National Council of Research (CNR), C. da S. Loja, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Rosoldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), National Council of Research (CNR), C. da S. Loja, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9577-0005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), National Council of Research (CNR), C. da S. Loja, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6108-9764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Laneve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scuola di Ingegneria Aerospaziale (SIA), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Salaria, 851, 00138 Roma, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Loizzo, R., Daraio, M., Guarini, R., Longo, F., Lorusso, R., Dini, L., and Lopinto, E. (August, January 28). PRISMA mission status and perspective. 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