{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T21:16:43Z","timestamp":1768079803973,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["41877003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41877003"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2019JZZY010724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019JZZY010724"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["SYL2017XTTD02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SYL2017XTTD02"]}]},{"name":"Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project in Shandong Province","award":["41877003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41877003"]}]},{"name":"Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project in Shandong Province","award":["2019JZZY010724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019JZZY010724"]}]},{"name":"Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project in Shandong Province","award":["SYL2017XTTD02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SYL2017XTTD02"]}]},{"name":"Funds of Shandong \u201cDouble Tops\u201d Program","award":["41877003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41877003"]}]},{"name":"Funds of Shandong \u201cDouble Tops\u201d Program","award":["2019JZZY010724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019JZZY010724"]}]},{"name":"Funds of Shandong \u201cDouble Tops\u201d Program","award":["SYL2017XTTD02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SYL2017XTTD02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To explore the fast, accurate, and efficient remote sensing identification method of cultivated land quality, this study took Shandong Province as the study area, and used measured data to carry out the soil quality evaluation based on conventional GIS. On this basis, MODIS sequence images were used as remote sensing data sources, and multi-source data such as topography, meteorology, and statistical yearbook were fused. Then, according to the Pressure-State-Response framework, we constructed three kinds of characteristic indicators through distinguishing crop rotation types and fusing remote sensing data. Finally, the soil quality grade was identified by the random forest method, and the accuracy analysis was carried out. The results showed that the NDVI peak values of double-season crops are in mid-April and mid-August, and one-season crops are in mid-August. Through evaluation, soil quality was divided into three categories, with six grades. Through principal component analysis, each soil status indicator contains two to three principal components, and each principal component contains five to eight temporal crop remote sensing information. After distinguishing crop rotation types and fusing remote sensing images, the identification accuracy of soil quality is significantly improved. The overall accuracy is 79.18%, 86.12%, and 93.65%, and the Kappa coefficient is 0.66, 0.77, and 0.90, respectively. This research developed an automatic identification method for cultivated land quality grade, and it proved that distinguishing crop rotation types and fusing multi-temporal crop remote sensing information are effective ways to improve identification accuracy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14092109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T22:20:20Z","timestamp":1651098020000},"page":"2109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Identification of Cultivated Land Quality Grade Using Fused Multi-Source Data and Multi-Temporal Crop Remote Sensing Information"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yinshuai","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"}]},{"given":"Zhuoran","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soil & Fertilizer Working Station of Shandong Province, Jinan 250013, China"}]},{"given":"Jianwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soil & Fertilizer Working Station of Shandong Province, Jinan 250013, China"}]},{"given":"Gengxing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.113605","article-title":"Multiscale research on spatial supply-demand mismatches and synergic strategies of multifunctional cultivated land","volume":"299","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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