{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T14:46:38Z","timestamp":1773845198364,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDB 41000000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB 41000000"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["ZDBS-SSW-JSC007-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDBS-SSW-JSC007-15"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["D020203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D020203"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["IGGCAS-202101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IGGCAS-202101"]}]},{"name":"Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDB 41000000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB 41000000"]}]},{"name":"Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["ZDBS-SSW-JSC007-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDBS-SSW-JSC007-15"]}]},{"name":"Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["D020203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D020203"]}]},{"name":"Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["IGGCAS-202101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IGGCAS-202101"]}]},{"name":"CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team, the pre-research project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of China National Space Administration","award":["XDB 41000000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB 41000000"]}]},{"name":"CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team, the pre-research project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of China National Space Administration","award":["ZDBS-SSW-JSC007-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDBS-SSW-JSC007-15"]}]},{"name":"CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team, the pre-research project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of China National Space Administration","award":["D020203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D020203"]}]},{"name":"CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team, the pre-research project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of China National Space Administration","award":["IGGCAS-202101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IGGCAS-202101"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDB 41000000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB 41000000"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["ZDBS-SSW-JSC007-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDBS-SSW-JSC007-15"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["D020203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D020203"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["IGGCAS-202101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IGGCAS-202101"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A visible and near-infrared imaging spectrometer (VNIS) loaded by the Chang\u2019e-4 rover is the primary method for detecting the mineral composition of the lunar surface in the landing region. However, different data processing methods yield inconsistent mineral modes in measured lunar soil and rocks. To better constrain the mineral modes of the soil and rocks measured by Chang\u2019e-4 VNIS, a noritic-gabbroic rock with a mineral composition similar to that of the lunar highland rocks is measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the spare flight model of Chang\u2019e-4 VNIS and TerraSpec-4 of ASD. Backscattered electron and energy dispersive spectrometry show that olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase modal mineral abundances are 12.9, 35.0, and 52.2%, respectively. The estimated results of the spectrum by the Hapke radiative transfer model are 7.5, 39.3, and 53.2% for olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase, respectively, which is consistent with to those of SEM mapping within error. In contrast, the estimated results of the modified Gaussian model are 29 and 71% for olivine and pyroxene, respectively, indicating the absence of plagioclase. Based on our implemented Hapke model, we decode the data of the two rocks detected by the rover on the 3rd and 26th lunar days of mission operations. The obtained results suggest that both rocks are norite or gabbro with noticeable differences. The first rock, with more olivine and pyroxene, may have been excavated from the Finsen crater. The second rock, with more plagioclase, may have been ejected from the southwestern edge of the Von K\u00e1rm\u00e1n crater, indicating the initial lunar crust.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14102323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T23:08:36Z","timestamp":1652396916000},"page":"2323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Lunar Terrestrial Analog Experiment on the Spectral Interpretations of Rocks Observed by the Yutu-2 Rover"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1979-5283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9945-5050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honglei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8107-5802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Gou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yangting","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, C.L., Wang, Z.D., Xu, R., Lv, G., Yuan, L.Y., He, Z.P., and Wang, J.Y. 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