{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T16:24:39Z","timestamp":1775838279242,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FloodAdaptVN project","award":["01LE1905A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01LE1905A1"]}]},{"name":"German Ministry of Education and Research","award":["01LE1905A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01LE1905A1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vietnam\u2019s 3260 km coastline is densely populated, experiences rapid urban and economic growth, and faces at the same time a high risk of coastal hazards. Satellite archives provide a free and powerful opportunity for long-term area-wide monitoring of the coastal zone. This paper presents an automated analysis of coastline dynamics from 1986 to 2021 for Vietnam\u2019s entire coastal zone using the Landsat archive. The proposed method is implemented within the cloud-computing platform Google Earth Engine to only involve publicly and globally available datasets and tools. We generated annual coastline composites representing the mean-high water level and extracted sub-pixel coastlines. We further quantified coastline change rates along shore-perpendicular transects, revealing that half of Vietnam\u2019s coast did not experience significant change, while the remaining half is classified as erosional (27.7%) and accretional (27.1%). A hotspot analysis shows that coastal segments with the highest change rates are concentrated in the low-lying deltas of the Mekong River in the south and the Red River in the north. Hotspots with the highest accretion rates of up to +47 m\/year are mainly associated with the construction of artificial coastlines, while hotspots with the highest erosion rates of \u221228 m\/year may be related to natural sediment redistribution and human activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14102476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T09:18:08Z","timestamp":1653124688000},"page":"2476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["State of the Vietnamese Coast\u2014Assessing Three Decades (1986 to 2021) of Coastline Dynamics Using the Landsat Archive"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ronja","family":"Lappe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), German Aerospace Center (DLR), 82234 Wessling, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Remote Sensing, Institute of Geography and Geology, University of Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6626-3052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Ullmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography, Institute of Geography and Geology, University of Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6181-0187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Bachofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), German Aerospace Center (DLR), 82234 Wessling, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1890\/10-1510.1","article-title":"The Value of Estuarine and Coastal Ecosystem Services","volume":"81","author":"Barbier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecol. 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