{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T01:10:28Z","timestamp":1773364228447,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for Strategic Leading Technology","award":["XDA20040302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA20040302"]}]},{"name":"Special Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for Strategic Leading Technology","award":["2021BC003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021BC003"]}]},{"name":"XPCC Finance Science and Technology Project","award":["XDA20040302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA20040302"]}]},{"name":"XPCC Finance Science and Technology Project","award":["2021BC003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021BC003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Global agricultural lands are becoming saline because of human activities that have affected crop production and food security worldwide. In this study, the spatiotemporal variability of soil electrical conductivity (EC) in Central Asia was evaluated based on high-resolution multi-year predicted soil EC data, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land cover product, precipitation, reference evapotranspiration, population count, and soil moisture datasets. We primarily detected pixel-based soil EC trends over the past three decades and correlated soil EC with potential deriving factors. The results showed an overall increase in salt-affected areas between 1990 and 2018 for different land cover types. The soil EC trend increased by 6.86% (p &lt; 0.05) over Central Asia during 1990\u20132018. The open shrub lands dominated by woody perennials experienced the highest increasing soil salinity trend, particularly in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan local areas, while there was a decreasing soil EC trend in the cropland areas, such as in Bukhara and Khorezm (Uzbekistan). The main factors that affect the variability of soil salinity were strongly associated with population pressure and evapotranspiration. This study provides comprehensive soil EC variations and trends from the local to regional scales. Agriculture and land resource managers must tackle the rising land degradation concerns caused by the changing climate in arid lands and utilise geoinformatics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14102501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]],"date-time":"2022-05-24T03:16:55Z","timestamp":1653362215000},"page":"2501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Soil Salinity Variations and Associated Implications for Agriculture and Land Resources Development Using Remote Sensing Datasets in Central Asia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1114-0677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Measho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"Hamelmalo Agricultural College, National Commission for Higher Education, Keren 397, Eritrea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6930-3419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5996-9268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petri","family":"Pellikka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Change Observation Laboratory, Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9038-0822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hubert","family":"Hirwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Yunfeng","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Sayidjakhon","family":"Khasanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Rashid","family":"Kulmatov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6476-7812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdame Street, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s40003-012-0031-9","article-title":"Climate change and soil degradation mitigation by sustainable management of soils and other natural resources","volume":"1","author":"Lal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Agric. 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