{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T13:02:29Z","timestamp":1783429349334,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]],"date-time":"2022-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2020YFD1100701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFD1100701"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2021YFQ0042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFQ0042"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["XZ201901-GA-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZ201901-GA-07"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["XDA20030302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA20030302"]}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D project of the Sichuan Science and Technology Department","award":["2020YFD1100701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFD1100701"]}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D project of the Sichuan Science and Technology Department","award":["2021YFQ0042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFQ0042"]}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D project of the Sichuan Science and Technology Department","award":["XZ201901-GA-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZ201901-GA-07"]}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D project of the Sichuan Science and Technology Department","award":["XDA20030302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA20030302"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Project of Xizang Autonomous Region","award":["2020YFD1100701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFD1100701"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Project of Xizang Autonomous Region","award":["2021YFQ0042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFQ0042"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Project of Xizang Autonomous Region","award":["XZ201901-GA-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZ201901-GA-07"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Project of Xizang Autonomous Region","award":["XDA20030302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA20030302"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["2020YFD1100701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFD1100701"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["2021YFQ0042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFQ0042"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XZ201901-GA-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZ201901-GA-07"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDA20030302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA20030302"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Drastic climate change has led to glacier retreat in southeastern Tibet, and the increased frequency and magnitude of heavy rainfall and intense snow melting have intensified the risk of ice avalanche-induced debris flows in this region. To prevent and mitigate such hazards, it is important to derive the pre-disaster evolutionary characteristics of glacial debris flows and understand their triggering mechanisms. However, ice avalanche-induced debris flows mostly occur in remote alpine mountainous areas that are hard for humans to reach, which makes it extremely difficult to conduct continuous ground surveys and optical remote sensing monitoring. To this end, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images were used in this study to detect and analyze the pre-disaster deformation characteristics and spatial evolution in the Sedongpu Basin and to detect changes in the snowmelt in the basin in order to improve our understanding of the triggering mechanism of the ice avalanche-induced debris flows in this region. The results revealed that the maximum average deformation rate in the basin reached 57.3 mm\/year during the monitoring period from January 2016 to October 2018. The deformation displacement in the gully where the ice avalanche source area was located was intimately correlated with the summer snowmelt and rainfall and was characterized by seasonal accumulation. Clear acceleration of the deformation was detected after both the most recent earthquake and the strong rainfall and snowmelt processes in the summer of 2018. This suggests that earthquakes, snowmelt, and rainfall were significant triggers of the Sedongpu ice avalanche-induced debris flows. The results of this study provide new insights into the genesis of the Sedongpu ice avalanche-induced debris flows, which could assist in disaster warning and prevention in alpine mountain regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14112603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T02:30:06Z","timestamp":1653964206000},"page":"2603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["New Insights into Ice Avalanche-Induced Debris Flows in Southeastern Tibet Using SAR Technology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junnan","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1990-5574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8114-5743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaiheng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1580-4979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiming","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaizhang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingjie","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1822-y","article-title":"Importance and vulnerability of the world\u2019s water towers","volume":"577","author":"Immerzeel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1175\/BAMS-D-17-0057.1","article-title":"Recent third pole\u2019s rapid warming accompanies cryospheric melt and water cycle intensification and interactions between monsoon and environment: Multidisciplinary approach with observations, modeling, and analysis","volume":"100","author":"Yao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bull. 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