{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T08:00:02Z","timestamp":1781251202274,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["61972363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61972363"]}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["YDZJSX2021C008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJSX2021C008"]}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2021Y612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021Y612"]}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["201903D421043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201903D421043"]}]},{"name":"Central Government Leading Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project","award":["61972363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61972363"]}]},{"name":"Central Government Leading Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project","award":["YDZJSX2021C008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJSX2021C008"]}]},{"name":"Central Government Leading Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project","award":["2021Y612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021Y612"]}]},{"name":"Central Government Leading Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project","award":["201903D421043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201903D421043"]}]},{"name":"the Postgraduate Education Innovation Project of Shanxi Province","award":["61972363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61972363"]}]},{"name":"the Postgraduate Education Innovation Project of Shanxi Province","award":["YDZJSX2021C008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJSX2021C008"]}]},{"name":"the Postgraduate Education Innovation Project of Shanxi Province","award":["2021Y612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021Y612"]}]},{"name":"the Postgraduate Education Innovation Project of Shanxi Province","award":["201903D421043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201903D421043"]}]},{"name":"the Shanxi Province Key Research and Development Program Project","award":["61972363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61972363"]}]},{"name":"the Shanxi Province Key Research and Development Program Project","award":["YDZJSX2021C008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJSX2021C008"]}]},{"name":"the Shanxi Province Key Research and Development Program Project","award":["2021Y612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021Y612"]}]},{"name":"the Shanxi Province Key Research and Development Program Project","award":["201903D421043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201903D421043"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to imaging and lighting directions, shadows are inevitably formed in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images. This causes shadowed regions with missed and occluded information, such as color and texture details. Shadow detection and compensation from remote sensing images is essential for recovering the missed information contained in these images. Current methods are mainly aimed at processing shadows with simple scenes. For UAV remote sensing images with a complex background and multiple shadows, problems inevitably occur, such as color distortion or texture information loss in the shadow compensation result. In this paper, we propose a novel shadow removal algorithm from UAV remote sensing images based on color and texture equalization compensation of local homogeneous regions. Firstly, the UAV imagery is split into blocks by selecting the size of the sliding window. The shadow was enhanced by a new shadow detection index (SDI) and threshold segmentation was applied to obtain the shadow mask. Then, the homogeneous regions are extracted with LiDAR intensity and elevation information. Finally, the information of the non-shadow objects of the homogeneous regions is used to restore the missed information in the shadow objects of the regions. The results revealed that the average overall accuracy of shadow detection is 98.23% and the average F1 score is 95.84%. The average color difference is 1.891, the average shadow standard deviation index is 15.419, and the average gradient similarity is 0.726. The results have shown that the proposed method performs well in both subjective and objective evaluations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14112616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T02:30:06Z","timestamp":1653964206000},"page":"2616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Shadow Removal from UAV Images Based on Color and Texture Equalization Compensation of Local Homogeneous Regions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengbao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2013.02.003","article-title":"Shadow detection in very high spatial resolution aerial images: A comparative study","volume":"80","author":"Adeline","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISPRS J. 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