{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T15:25:25Z","timestamp":1776180325723,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41871324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41871324"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Terrain feature points, such as the peaks and saddles, are the basic framework of surface topography and its undulations, which significantly affect the spatial distribution of surface topography. In the past, terrain feature points were extracted separately for each type, while the internal connections between the terrain feature points were ignored. Therefore, this work proposes an integrated algorithm for extracting terrain feature-point clusters, including the peaks, saddles and runoff nodes, based on the DEM data. This method includes two main processes: positive terrain-constrained ridgeline extraction and terrain feature-point cluster extraction. Firstly, a threshold determination method of flow accumulation in the hydrological analysis is proposed by combining morphological characteristics with runoff simulation, and the ridgelines are extracted based on this threshold. Subsequently, the peaks and their control areas are extracted by space segmentation. Meanwhile, the saddles and runoff nodes are obtained by spatial intersection. Finally, the integrated terrain feature-point clusters are obtained by merging the three extracted terrain feature points. This method was experimented with in the six typical sample areas in Shaanxi Province and verified its results by contour lines and optical images. It shows that the spatial positions of the extracted terrain feature clusters are accurate, and the coupling relationships are great. Finally, the experiments show that the statistical attributes of point clusters and their spatial distribution trends have an obvious correlation with geomorphic types and geomorphic zoning, which can provide an important reference for geomorphic zoning and mapping.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14122776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,12]],"date-time":"2022-06-12T23:55:24Z","timestamp":1655078124000},"page":"2776","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["An Integrated Algorithm for Extracting Terrain Feature-Point Clusters Based on DEM Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8123-7282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinlong","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China"},{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"}]},{"given":"Mingliang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China"},{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Monitoring and Control for Soil Erosion on Dry Valleys, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China"}]},{"given":"Leichao","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China"}]},{"given":"Jinliang","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leshan Natural Resources Bereau, Leshan 641000, China"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"},{"name":"Institute of Petroleum and Natural Gas Spatial Information Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02833889","article-title":"The Derivation of Skeleton Lines for Terrain Features","volume":"5","author":"Peizhi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Geo-Spatial Inf. 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