{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:39:52Z","timestamp":1760229592562,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Programa de Apoio \u00e0 P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o (PROAP), of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Two lunar flashes are reported and fully analyzed, with one of them fulfilling every criterion preconized in the literature for the characterization of an impact, including confirmation by two simultaneous observations. It happened at 07:13:46 UT on 14 December 2017, at the selenographic coordinates of 9.79\u00b0 (\u00b10.06\u00b0)N and 45.42 (\u00b10.07\u00b0)E. The peak magnitudes in the R and V bands vary from 6.3 to 7.9 and from 7.4 to 9.0, respectively, depending on the observatory, as the cameras\u2019 exposure times were considerably different. The impactor mass is estimated to be between 1.6 and 2.0 kg, with a diameter of 10 to 11 cm, having produced a crater of 8.4 to 8.9 m in diameter. Results for the second flash are also presented and discussed, although the confirmation of an impact was not possible due to a pause in the recordings at one of the sites. The observations took place as part of an inaugural observing campaign in Brazil for lunar impact flash (LIF) detection conceived by the Brazilian Meteor Observation Network (BRAMON) and were carried out by two teams located in different states in the Northeast Region of Brazil, about 353 km apart from each other, at a time when the Moon was crossing the densest part of the Geminid meteoroid stream in 2017. The observing setups included 0.13 m and 0.2 m telescopes, both equipped with sensitive cameras. The Macei\u00f3 setup probably delivered the finest definition ever reported in the literature for lunar impact monitoring, resulting in high-accuracy positioning. This will certainly aid in finding the associated crater from orbiter images, which will substantiate another work, aimed at performing a comparative analysis between the results from our photometry and the data retrieved by the LRO images. These observations were also very likely the first and the only one so far made by a normal framerate camera and a long-exposure camera simultaneously. The associated benefits are commented on. The source of the impactors is also discussed. In view of the successful results of this experience, national observing campaigns of this kind will be given continuation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14132974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T04:12:01Z","timestamp":1655871121000},"page":"2974","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of the First Optical Detection of a Meteoroidal Impact on the Lunar Surface Recorded from Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7032-6354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Duarte Cavalcante Pinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57072-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Center of Astronomical Studies of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57051-090, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Masahisa","family":"Yanagisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Luiz do Prado Villarroel","family":"Zurita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brazilian Meteor Observation Network, S\u00e3o Paulo 15190-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Astronomy Association of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58039-100, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Romualdo Arthur Alencar","family":"Caldas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Astronomical Studies of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57051-090, Brazil"},{"name":"Brazilian Meteor Observation Network, S\u00e3o Paulo 15190-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brazilian Meteor Observation Network, S\u00e3o Paulo 15190-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Clube de Astronomia de Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 71070-714, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8298-5901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafaela Lisboa","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57072-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Lins","family":"da Rocha J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57072-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3185-6413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabr\u00edcio Daniel","family":"dos Santos Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57072-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9972-9990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heliof\u00e1bio Barros","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57072-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Helber Barros","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57072-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Maria Luciene Dias","family":"de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57072-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"de Morais Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Astronomical Studies of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57051-090, Brazil"},{"name":"Institute of Geography, Development and Environment, Federal University of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57072-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Ernande Roberto","family":"da Silva J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Astronomical Studies of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57051-090, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Neftali Dias Cavalcante","family":"Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Astronomical Studies of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3 57051-090, Brazil"},{"name":"Federal Institute of Alagoas, Macei\u00f3, 57020-600, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2872-8453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirceu Lu\u00eds","family":"Herdies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Space Research, Cachoeira Paulista, S\u00e3o Paulo 12630-000, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pss.2012.10.005","article-title":"The present-day flux of large meteoroids on the lunar surface\u2014A synthesis of models and observational techniques","volume":"74","author":"Oberst","year":"2012","journal-title":"Planet. 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