{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T03:08:28Z","timestamp":1773198508691,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CAPES-PROEX Graduate Program in Meteorology at the University of S\u00e3o Paulo","award":["2020\/07141-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/07141-2"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","award":["2020\/07141-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/07141-2"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\/07141-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/07141-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to study the daily formaldehyde (HCHO) columns over urban and forested areas in S\u00e3o Paulo State, Brazil, from rhe TROPOMI spectrometer onboard the Sentinel-5P satellite during 2020. Nineteen specific areas were defined in four regions: 3 areas in each of two preserved Atlantic Forests (PEMD and PETAR), 3 in a sugarcane growing region (NERG) and 10 in the Metropolitan Area of S\u00e3o Paulo (MASP), among which 2 areas are in the Morro Grande reserve, which is a significant remnant of Atlantic Forest outside the densely urbanized area of MASP. An analysis of variance and Tukey\u2019s test showed that the mean annual columns over the Morro Grande reserve (1.69\u00b11.05\u00d710\u22124 mol\/m\u00b2 and 1.73\u00b11.07\u00d710\u22124 mol\/m\u00b2) presented greater statistical similarity with the forest and rural areas of the state (&lt;1.70\u00d710\u22124 mol\/m\u00b2) than with MASP (&gt;2.00\u00d710\u22124 mol\/m\u00b2), indicating few effects from megacity anthropogenic emissions. Case studies addressing selected days in 2020 showed that fires in and around the state were related to episodes of maximum density of HCHO columns. The results showed significant seasonality, with lower concentrations during summer (wet season) and higher concentrations during winter and spring (dry and transition dry\u2013wet seasons).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14133032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T22:50:23Z","timestamp":1656283823000},"page":"3032","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Atmospheric Formaldehyde Monitored by TROPOMI Satellite Instrument throughout 2020 over S\u00e3o Paulo State, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3615-3677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur Dias","family":"Freitas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Instituto de Astronomia, Geof\u00edsica e Ci\u00eancias Atmosf\u00e9ricas (IAG), Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Rua do Mat\u00e3o 1226, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0086-9649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adalgiza","family":"Fornaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Instituto de Astronomia, Geof\u00edsica e Ci\u00eancias Atmosf\u00e9ricas (IAG), Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Rua do Mat\u00e3o 1226, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-40422002000700013","article-title":"Compostos carbon\u00edlicos atmosf\u00e9ricos: Fontes, reatividade, n\u00edveis de concentra\u00e7\u00e3o e efeitos toxicol\u00f3gicos","volume":"25","author":"Pinheiro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Qu\u00edmica Nova"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Manahan, S.E. 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